COPENHILL垃圾发电厂，哥本哈根 / BIG

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CopenHill（也被称作Amager Bakke）是一个占地41000平方米的垃圾发电厂，同时还融合了城市娱乐中心和环境教育中心的功能，将社会基础设施转化为独特的建筑地标。设施顶部的滑雪场、徒步旅行路线和攀岩墙，体现了享乐主义的可持续性概念，同时还与哥本哈根力图在2025年成为世界上第一个碳中性城市的目标相一致。

CopenHill, also known as Amager Bakke, opens as a new breed of waste-to-energy plant topped with a ski slope, hiking trail and climbing wall, embodying the notion of hedonistic sustainability while aligning with Copenhagen’s goal of becoming the world’s first carbon-neutral city by 2025. CopenHill is a 41,000㎡ waste-to-energy plant with an urban recreation center and environmental education hub, turning social infrastructure into an architectural landmark.

▼建筑远景及周边环境，far view of the building and surroundings

▼建筑鸟瞰，aerial view

CopenHill在设计之初便被构想为一个能够对社会产生附带影响的公共基础设施。整合了垃圾处理和能源生产最新技术的新发电中心Amager Ressourcecenter （ARC）取代了附近一座有50年历史的垃圾发电厂。由于旧有发电厂位于Amager的工业滨水区，原先的工业设施已经成为滑水板和卡丁车等极限运动的场地。

CopenHill is conceived as a public infrastructure with intended social side-effects from day one. Replacing the adjacent 50-year old waste-to-energy plant with Amager Ressourcecenter (ARC), CopenHill’s new waste incinerating facilities integrate the latest technologies in waste treatment and energy production. Due to its location on the industrial waterfront of Amager, where raw industrial facilities have become the site for extreme sports from wakeboarding to go-kart racing.

▼Amager工业滨水区，the industrial waterfront of Amager

▼极限运动爱好者正在新建筑前的河中玩滑水板，extreme sports people are water skiing in the river in front of the new building

发电厂的内部体量是通过将机器按照高矮顺序的精准定位和组织来划分的，与此同时，也创造出一个有效的、拥有9000平方米滑雪场地的倾斜屋顶。在坡顶，滑雪高手可以滑下长度与奥运会U型滑道相同的人造滑雪坡、尝试自由滑、或参与计时回转滑雪课程。初学者和儿童则可以在较为平缓的斜坡上练习。滑雪者可以选择盘式升降机、地毯式升降机、或搭乘可以看到垃圾焚烧炉内部景观的观光升降梯到达坡顶。

▼建筑概览，overview

The internal volumes of the power plant are determined by the precise positioning and organization of its machinery in height order, creating an efficient, sloping rooftop fit for a 9,000㎡ ski terrain. At the top, experts can glide down the artificial ski slope with the same length as an Olympic half-pipe, test the freestyle park or try the timed slalom course, while beginners and kids practice on the lower slopes. Skiers ascend the park from the platter lift, carpet lifts or glass elevator for a glimpse inside the 24-hour operations of a waste incinerator.

▼初学者雪道，the beginner ski run

▼从雪道方向看建筑侧立面，view of the building’s side facade from the direction of the ski run

在丹麦这样一个地势低平的国度，CopenHill的独特造型无疑会为休闲爱好者和游客带来十分新奇的体验。非滑雪者可以享受屋顶酒吧、混合健身训练区、攀岩墙或城市中最高的观景平台，然后漫步在由丹麦景观建筑师SLA设计的长达490米的山地森林徒步小径。与此同时，一座位于85米高台上的公园调节着整个园区的微气候、在吸收热量的同时恢复了具有生物多样性的景观、消除空气微粒、最大限度地减少了雨水径流。

Recreation buffs and visitors reaching the summit of CopenHill will feel the novelty of a mountain in an otherwise-flat country. Non-skiers can enjoy the rooftop bar, cross-fit area, climbing wall or highest viewing plateau in the city before descending the 490m tree-lined hiking and running trail within a lush, mountainous terrain designed by Danish Landscape Architects SLA. Meanwhile, the 10,000㎡ green roof addresses the challenging micro-climate of an 85m high park, rewinding a biodiverse landscape while absorbing heat, removing air particulates and minimizing stormwater runoff.

▼由丹麦景观建筑师SLA设计的山地森林徒步小径，the mountainous terrain designed by Danish landscape architects SLA

在斜坡下，旋转的火炉、蒸汽和涡轮机每年将44万吨垃圾转化为足够的清洁能源，为15万户家庭提供电力和区域供暖。从通风竖井到进风口，发电厂完成这项任务的有助于创建山脉的各种地形。这一人造景观，同时满足了下层的工业需求和上层的娱乐愿望。十层楼的行政空间由ARC团队规划使用，其中包括一个面积600平方米，可为学术之旅、研讨会和可持续性会议提供场地的教育中心。

Beneath the slopes, whirring furnaces, steam, and turbines convert 440,000 tons of waste annually into enough clean energy to deliver electricity and district heating for 150,000 homes. The necessities of the power plant to complete this task, from ventilation shafts to air-intakes, help create the varied topography of a mountain; a man-made landscape created in the encounter between the needs from below and the desires from above. Ten floors of administrative space are occupied by the ARC team, including a 600㎡ education center for academic tours, workshops and sustainability conferences.

▼新的发电厂每年为周边15万户家庭供电供暖，the factory turbines convert 440,000 tons of waste annually into enough clean energy to deliver electricity and district heating for 150,000 homes

与其将ARC视为一个孤立的建筑体，不如将建筑围护结构视为反映当地环境和公司美好愿景的标志性景观。CopenHill的连续立面由1.2米高和3.3米宽的铝砖堆叠而成。在砖块的间隙，玻璃窗户允许日光深入设施内部，而西南立面的大型开口则照亮了行政楼层的工作中心。

Rather than consider ARC as an isolated architectural object, the building envelope is conceived as an opportunity for the local context while forming a destination and a reflection on the progressive vision of the company. CopenHill’s continuous façade comprises 1.2m tall and 3.3m wide aluminum bricks stacked like gigantic bricks overlapping with each other. In-between, glazed windows allow daylight to reach deep inside the facility, while larger openings on the southwest façade illuminate workstations on the administrative floors.

▼从工厂内部看向行政区域，from inside the plant to the administration area

▼光线从砖墙缝隙中透进工厂内部，light penetrates the plant through cracks in the brick wall

在建筑体最长的垂直立面上，85米高的攀岩墙不仅能让攀岩者看到工厂的内部构造，还成功打破世界纪录成为世界上最高的人工攀岩墙。 CopenHill曾是老工业区中的基础设施，而现已成为家庭、朋友庆祝活动的最佳目的地。

On the longest vertical façade, an 85m climbing wall is installed to be the tallest artificial climbing wall in the world for new world records to be broken with views inside the factory. Formerly a piece of infrastructure in an industrial zone, CopenHill becomes the new destination for families, friends and celebration, one that is economically, environmentally and socially profitable.

▼屋顶花园风光，view of the roof park

PROJECT DATA
Name: COPENHILL / AMAGER BAKKE
Code: ARC
Date: 04/10/2019
Program: Body Culture
Status: Completed
Size in m2: 41000
Project type: Competition
Client: Amager Ressourcecenter
Collaborators: Detailed Design: SLA, Lüchinger+Meyer, MOE, Rambøll, Jesper Kongshaug and BIG Ideas; Competition: AKT, Topotek 1, Man Made Land, Realities:United; Thanks to: A.P Moller Fonden, Lokale- og Anlaegsfonden, Nordea Fonden, Fonden R98, Københavns Kommune, Frederiksberg Kommune, Tårnby Kommune, Dragør Kommune og Hvidovre Kommune
Location Text: Copenhagen, DK
Location: (55.6847094,12.620569299999943)
Awards: 2015 P/A Progressive Architecture Awards Citation, 2012 AR MIPIM Future Projects Awards Special Award

PROJECT TEAM
Partners-in-Charge: Bjarke Ingels, David Zahle, Jakob Lange, Brian Yang
Project Leaders: Jesper Boye Andersen, Claus Hermansen, Nanna Gyldholm Møller
Team: Alberto Cumerlato, Aleksander Wadas, Alexander Codda, Alexander Ejsing, Alexandra Gustafsson, Alina Tamosiunaite, Armor Gutierrez, Anders Hjortnæs, Andreas Klok Pedersen, Annette Jensen, Ariel Wallner, Ask Andersen, Balaj IIulian, Blake Smith, Borko Nikolic, Brygida Zawadzka, Buster Christensen, Chris Falla, Chris Zhongtian Yuan, Daniel Selensky, Dennis Rasmussen, Espen Vik, Finn Nørkjær, Franck Fdida, Gonzalo Castro, Gül Ertekin, George Abraham, Helen Chen, Henrick Poulsen, Henrik Rømer Kania, Horia Spirescu, Jakob Ohm Laursen, Jelena Vucic, Jeppe Ecklon, Ji-young Yoon, Jing Xu, Joanna Jakubowska, Johanna Nenander, Kamilla Heskje, Katarzyna Siedlecka, Krzysztof Marciszewski, Laura Wätte, Liang Wang, Lise Jessen, Long Zuo, Maciej Zawadzki, Mads Enggaard Stidsen, Marcelina Kolasinska, Marcos Bano, Maren Allen, Mathias Bank, Matti Nørgaard, Michael Andersen, Narisara Ladawal Schröder, Niklas A. Rasch, Nynne Madsen, Øssur Nolsø, Pero Vukovic, Richard Howis, Ryohei Koike, Se Hyeon Kim, Simon Masson, Sunming Lee, Toni Mateu, Xing Xiong, Zoltan David Kalaszi, Tore Banke, Yehezkiel Wiliardy

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