York Theatre Royal / De Matos Ryan

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约克皇家剧院于近日重新对外开放，De Matos Ryan的设计大大提高了建筑的空间品质与参观者的体验。这座建于1744年的建筑历经了数次整改，包括前厅与1967年依附于原始建筑一侧的混凝土拱廊部分的建设。本次的重设计将这片因为270年逐步开发而变得愈发复杂的区域的潜力完全释放了出来。新增的空间填补了剧院功能上的空白，吸引更多民众参与到剧院的活动之中，随之而来的经济效益也有助于在未来支持剧院的持续运营。

York Theatre Royal has re-opened following a significant redevelopment by De Matos Ryan, dramatically transforming the theatre’s spaces and visitor experience.

The theatre has occupied the site since 1744 and has since under gone several alterations over the years, including the construction of a new foyer, a vaulted concrete pavilion built alongside the original building, by Patrick Gwynne in 1967. The redevelopment of the Grade II* listed building unlocks the full potential of a complex site that had developed incrementally over 270 years. It has created additional space the theatre urgently needed in order to appeal to and engage a wider community, bring more people into the building and create the opportunity to increase revenue, enabling it to be more financially resilient in the future.

▽ 建筑外观，external view

两个新开放的对外入口在街道层面揭示了这次重设计，其中第一次出现的南向入口让进入方式变得更为灵活。建筑师通过缩小一层坐席面积与移除部分后勤空间，在剧院的前侧置入了一个全新的大厅空间，光线透过内嵌于维多利亚式柱廊的落地玻璃照入前厅，空间更显宽敞而舒适。同时，扩大的空间也让交通流线的梳理更显自如，将左侧的混凝土拱廊与右侧乔治亚时期的大楼梯和Keregan厅相连。

The radical redesign is immediately apparent from the street with the introduction of two new lobbied entrances, one of which allows entry from the south for the first time. The creation of new foyer space below the Dress Circle at the back of the Stalls by opening up where previously there had been broom cupboards, and the glazing in of the Victorian colonnade are the most demonstrable changes to Front of House. They provide a greater freedom of circulation, connecting the Patrick Gwynne extension (House Left) to the Georgian staircase and Keregan Room (House Right) for the first time.

▽ 新增的对外入口，the new lobbied entrance

▽ 全新的大堂空间，the new foyer space

这个全新的空间不仅提升了到访者的空间体验，也展示着这座古老建筑和场地的历史，连接着过往与现在。水磨石铺地上交错的纹理正是不复存在的中世纪拱顶结构的投影，而前厅与廊柱之间的墙面上，古老的砖块镶嵌其中。通透的玻璃幕墙模糊了室内外的界限，“临街”的咖啡店吸引着人们入内一探究竟。红色的地毯活跃了古老建筑内的庄严气氛，同时也暗喻着来到这座剧场的每一位到访者都是同等重要，不分阶级的高低。

This newly found space provides for an improved welcome, gathering and orientation. It also gives the opportunity to reveal the heritage of the theatre and the site, making compelling connections between the past and present. A new Terrazzo floor incorporating a patterned inlay reveals the geometry of the mediaeval vaults that once crossed where the new foyer is, while the original doorway is now exposed from within the layering of the colonnade wall linings. Housing a welcoming street-facing café clearly visible from the outside in order to draw people in, the Victorian colonnade has been glazed to give an animated face to the street akin to a storefront. The red carpet lining the colonnade floor may be seen as a humorous tongue in cheek reference that also reveals the ethos of the theatre that all visitors are VIPs.

▽ 墙上的古老砖块与地上中世纪拱顶结构的投影，the colonnade wall linings and the mediaeval vaults pattern on the floor

▽ “临街”的咖啡店，the street-facing café

在1967年新建的拱廊空间中，地板、家具、照明设计的升级与更新让建筑重现了最初的和谐面貌。而将咖啡厅、酒吧与售票处迁移至建筑主体空间的做法解放了拱廊空间，让其一如最初Gwynne所设想的那样，成为了精致的餐厅与剧院酒吧。

Patrick Gwynne’s 1967 extension has been carefully refurbished to de-clutter and reinstate the original design intent by improving floor coverings and furniture, upgrading the lighting and replacing the rooflights to give this listed building back its design coherence. Re-locating the café, bar and box office to the new space created under the Dress Circle has brought to life Gwynne’s original vision for the extension to house a bistro restaurant on the ground floor and a dedicated theatre bar on the first floor.

▽ 拱廊空间，the 1967 extension

对主会场的升级改造同时造福了观众与表演者。全新的座椅带来舒适的体验，而空气流通系统与保温隔热设计不仅提升了舒适度，同时也降低了建筑的能耗。一层座椅区角度的改变拉近了观众与表演者的距离，同时也让整个空间的联系更为紧密。而上层空间座椅位置的重新布局不仅改善了观众的观演角度，也让票价的选择范围更为多元化，降低了观演的门槛。曾经的倾斜舞台意味着所有舞台设置都需量身订造，也让各个剧团将在约克的演出放在了日程的最后。如今的舞台平坦而开阔，增加了安全性，而可升降的舞台设计与增加了净高的下层空间也带来了更多的表演上的可能性。

Upgrades to the main auditorium benefit both the audience and performers. New seating has been installed throughout the Stalls, Dress and Gallery alongside efficient air handling and insulation to enhance comfort as well as minimize energy use. The rake of the Stalls has been increased to enable the audience to connect with the Dress Circle and make the house feel unified. The Gallery has been re-raked to improve sightlines, increase ticket yield and offer greater price options across the house, encouraging access to a more diverse audience on all levels. The venue’s previously raked stage meant many theatre companies put York at the end of their tours due to the limitations of a sloping surface that required scenery to be adapted to the site. Alterations to the stage and orchestra pit have widened the scope of cultural possibilities and improved health and safety by creating level access, a flat stage and a better cross over underneath the stage with increased headroom. The new flat modular stage enables a wider artistic programme including dance and also encourages greater innovation.

▽ 主会场，the main auditorium

建筑师考虑入微，从细节入手提升观众的整体体验。新增的大量卫生间减少了观众在幕间高峰时期的等候时间，而分布在各层空间的小房间可用作歌唱、诗朗诵等非正式的表演所用。卓越的隔音技术让咖啡、餐厅和酒吧在演出时也能正常运营，增加了剧院的收入。而新入口的开设与大量无障碍设计的引入也让室内空间真正的面向所有人开放。

Helping to enhance the visitor and audience experience, the installation of new and increased WCs on both sides of the house on all levels reduce waiting times during peak times in the intervals. New sound lobbies and insulation create spaces on all levels for informal performances including music and poetry. Sound insulation allows the café, restaurant and bars to operate during performances, increasing the opportunities for income generation. Access has been improved with the introduction of assisted and lobbied front doors and a range of counter levels accommodating a variety of users, step-free access from the street to the auditorium, and the installation of a lift to make the Dress Circle and first floor theatre bar accessible for the first time.

▽ 夜景，evening view