“This is located the middle of a college campus and it fits in so beautifully. . . The detailed bioswale is well-executed and integrates nicely into the overall design. It’s very sharp and should be emulated.” – 2014 Awards Jury

“它位于大学校园的中间，如此协调，如此美丽。良好的实现了生态草沟，并很好地集成到整体设计中。非常聪明，应该效仿。”- 2014年评委

Salem State University – Marsh Hall By WagnerHodgson Landscape Architecture，更多请至：WagnerHodgson Landscape Architecture on gooood
via:asla

添加了新的525通道，为湿地走廊创造了独特的机会重新连接到邻近的沼泽湿地，同时创造了休闲开放空间，改善排水设施，促进园区的整体生态健康。完善和认真执行现场平面图提供了自然过程的现代化形式，教育学生引用历史悠久的塞勒姆码头的建筑和材料来代替处理雨水的做法。

The addition of the new 525 bed Marsh Hall created a unique opportunity to re-connect the campus to the adjacent tidal marsh while creating openspace for recreation, improving site drainage and augmenting the overall ecological health of the campus. The refined and carefully executed site plan gives modern form to a natural process, educates students about alternative storm water practices while making architectural and material references to the historic Salem Wharf.

▼ Long, linear board-formed seat walls and the central spine walkway link the two courtyards together through the open building portal and gesture towards the tidal marsh in the distance. Photo Credit: Westphalen Photography

长形板状靠墙座位和中心街道通过开放的建筑物大门，面朝沼泽湿地连接这两个庭院。

项目描述

项目背景和设计挑战

项目位于Sylvania极需整治的前工业用地。早期种植在邻近住宅项目的树木已经死亡或不再成长。通过土壤测试，与维修人员和咨询人员讨论，发现园区的土壤因曾建过工厂，已被压缩到不渗水点(土壤钻头在实际取样过程中被破坏)。土壤在生物学上已经死亡，只有有机质的细微痕迹，无法支持任何一种植物的生存。此外，尽管传统的地下雨水系统直接倾入沼泽，园区仍有排水问题，这也降低了土壤的质量。沼泽湿地本身是有潜力的未开发资源，可以提供休闲场所，包括出色的观鸟场所，但现有的大西洋厅将其隐藏在园区的其余部分。

设计解决方案

园区曾是一个主要通勤校园，开发周边景观用于满足使用汽车的需要。景观设计师从一开始就与客户和建筑师紧密合作，寻找组织建筑物的代替方式来打造高品质的户外空间，连结通勤校园各部，将沼泽湿地与走廊连接一起，提供更灵敏的雨水处理方法。校园内这部分的开放空间非常小，校方希望建立传统的校园发展模式。因此，将“Z形”的建筑大厅改造成两个新的大院，由一个2层楼高的大门连接，面朝南部沼泽湿地。园区设计沿着一条连接庭院和沼泽的中心街道展开。之前很少使用的车辆下坡段被移除，打造成为北方四合院“绿色庭园”，可以作为聚会空间和通往大厅和食堂的主要通道。园区曾经的工业地形被保留，添加了长形板状靠墙混凝土座位，指引行人大楼入口的方向。南部“沼泽庭院”由一个倾斜的绿地休闲广场和一个180英尺长的生态草沟组成，收集园区的雨水，并汇集流向湿地。可以俯瞰到一期两条走廊一直延伸到沼泽的边缘(由于授权的要求和宿舍楼的紧迫计划，这一俯瞰被推迟至第二期，预计于2012年开工)。

环境问题

中央庭院空间的土壤被增强，进行充气，并分层建立一个倾斜的草坪。这改善了陆地排水，打破了压实的土壤，提供了开放的游乐区，还可以增加视觉趣味到曾经非常平坦的区域。180万美元的景观预算中将近10％都花在场地修复。两个庭院41000平方英尺的平台及相邻广场的雨水流入直线型生态草沟，其中填满本地牧草，灯心草和多年生草本植物。在这里过滤掉淤泥和污染物，大部分雨水重新渗回地面。无法渗透的缓慢进入沼泽湿地。生态草沟的一侧沿着填满石头的石笼，让人想起码头，适当参考历史上的 “航海城市”萨利姆。另一侧的倾斜草坪可以在非常大的降雨时提供持水性。工程竣工后迅速进行了测试，当时塞勒姆经历了大规模的暴雨，水面高过倾斜草坪20厘米，但在一小时后已完全消退到生态草沟中。石笼系统具有阶梯型座位和栈桥，也在自然过程中表现出建筑形式，并可以管理非正式收集的天然雨水。 LED照明被隐藏在栈桥下方，在晚上照亮生态草沟。此外，6200平方英尺的景天属植物的绿色屋顶延伸到较低的食堂，从上层宿舍楼可以看到绿色前景，减缓雨水流速，并提供额外的环境和建筑工程的效益。景天属植物被种植在由鹅卵石隔开的区域中。该区域在地面上形成几何形状，从上层宿舍楼可以观察到很强的相关性。由于景天属植物品种随着时间的推移而移植，这些区域的图形将变得不怎么显示自然化和移植的过程。

该项目在大学生们日常使用的中央校园环境中结合并突出了土壤修复和雨水管理。湿地走廊表明这两个看似相反的目标是可以共存的。鼓励学生们使用适当的墙壁，休息区和栈桥，同时认真研究和增强土壤，形成生态草沟，促进园区和邻近的沼泽湿地的健康发展。但最关键的是每天将有数百名学生将在这里与天然的雨水系统互动。这无疑让他们更加了解和接受这种有益于环境的创新技术。

▼The 180’ long bio-swale gives modern form to a natural process, educates students about alternative storm water practices while making architectural and material references to the historic Salem Wharf. Photo Credit: Westphalen Photography

180英尺长的生态草沟提供了自然过程的现代化形式，教育学生引用历史悠久的塞勒姆码头的建筑和材料来代替处理雨水的做法。

▼ A seldom-used vehicular drop-off was eliminated to create this campus green connecting the existing Enterprise Center with Marsh Hall. A sedum roof visually extends the paver / ground geometry to the roof while affording a green foreground for the rooms above.Photo Credit: Robert Benson 之前很少使用的车辆下坡段被移除，打造成为连接企业中心和湿地走廊的“绿色连接”。景天属植物的屋顶在视觉上延伸到地面几何形状，从上层房间可以看到绿色前景。

▼ (left) In addition to the bio-swale, the “marsh courtyard” features, Ipe stadium seating over the gabions, a green roof over the cafeteria and a dining terrace with custom concrete and steel furniture. Photo Credit: Westphalen Photography(左)除了生态草沟，“沼泽四合院”的特点是石笼上的阶梯形座位，食堂的绿色屋顶和自定义混凝土和钢制家具的餐厅露台。(right) A phase two walkway extension will terminate at an overlook at the marsh edge (at the top of the photo).
Photo Credit: Westphalen Photography (右) 可以俯瞰到一期两条走廊一直延伸到沼泽的边缘(照片顶部)。

▼Ipe ‘gangplank’ bridges provide access to the tilted lawn at center of the courtyard. The lawn provides room for recreation and improves site drainage and as a result soil health. Photo Credit: Westphalen Photography 可以从Ipe栈桥进入庭院中心的倾斜草坪。草坪为休闲娱乐活动提供了空间，并改善了现场排水，因此可以促进土壤健康。

▼Ipe wood covers sections of the stainless steel gabions providing gathering space and access to the lawn for students. Photo Credit: Westphalen Photography 不锈钢金属筐的IPE木制覆盖部分可以提供聚会场所，学生们也可以从此进入草坪。

▼Boardform concrete adds to the wharf character while stock bench backs add ergonomic comfort to seat walls and provide a visual tie to the free-standing benches. Photo Credit: Westphalen Photography 木板增加了类似码头的特点，石板长凳添加了符合人体工程学的舒适靠墙座位，还提供了独立长椅的视觉连接。

▼At night linear LED fixtures highlight the gangplank bridges, bio-swale and native riparian plantings. Photo Credit: Westphalen Photography 到了晚上，直线型LED灯具开始照亮栈桥，生态草沟和本地水生植物。

▼With this design, the entire campus can reconnect both physically and symbolically to the adjacent tidal marsh, a habitat rich in plant and animal life. Photo Credit: Westphalen Photography

通过这样的设计，整个园区可以从建筑物本身和象征意义上重新连接到邻近的沼泽湿地，许多动植物的栖息地。

PROJECT NARRATIVE

Project Context and Design Challenges

The project site was a former industrial site for Sylvania in need of extreme remediation. Trees that had been planted at an earlier adjacent residential project had either died or failed to grow much. Through soils testing, discussions with maintenance staff & consultation with an arborist it was discovered that the site’s soils, once under the factory floor, had been compacted to the point of impermeability (a soil boring drill bit actually broke during sampling). The soil was biologically dead with only scant traces of organic matter and unable to support plant life of any kind.In addition, despite the existence of a traditional subsurface storm water system that emptied directly into the marsh, the flat site had drainage issues, which were also decreasing the quality of the soils. The tidal marsh itself, was an untapped resource with the potential to offer recreational opportunities including exceptional bird watching, but existing Atlantic Hall largely hid it from the rest of the campus.

Design Solution

This campus had traditionally been a largely commuter campus and the landscape had developed around accommodating the car. The landscape architect worked closely with the client & architect from the beginning, looking at alternative ways to organize the building that would create high quality outdoor spaces that could bring unity to a disjointed commuter campus, connect pedestrians to the tidal marsh and create a more sensitive approach to stormwater. This portion of campus has minimal open space and the client wanted to establish a more traditional campus development pattern. The resulting “Z-shaped” residence hall forms two new courtyards, connected by a 2-story outdoor portal that frames views of the tidal marsh to the south.The site design is organized along a strong central spine, an exposed aggregate walkway that orients the courtyards to the marsh. A seldom-used vehicular drop-off was eliminated at the front of the site to create the northern “campus green” courtyard which serves as a gathering space and the main entry to the hall and cafeteria. An existing landform from the industrial past of the site was retained but intersected by a long, board-formed concrete seat wall that directs pedestrians to the building entrances. The southern “marsh courtyard” features a tilted lawn open space for recreation and a 180’ long bio-swale that collects the site’s storm water and extends in a straight line toward the marsh. A phase two walkway extension will terminate at an overlook at the marsh edge (due to permitting requirements and the aggressive schedule of the residence hall, the overlook was postponed to the second phase of the project, slated to begin in 2012).

Environmental Aspects

The soil in the central courtyard space was augmented, aerated, and graded to create a tilted lawn plane. This improves overland drainage, breaks up soil compaction, provides an open play area, and adds visual interest to what used to be an extremely flat site. Nearly 10% of the $1.8 million landscape budget was spent on site remediation. Storm water from both courtyards, 41,000 square feet of roof area, and adjacent plazas flows into a linear bio-swale which is which is filled with native grasses, rushes, and perennials. Here silt and contaminants are filtered out and most of the storm water infiltrates back into the ground. What doesn’t infiltrate is slowly released into the tidal marsh. The bio-swale is lined with stone-filled gabions on one side, evoking the feel of a wharf, an appropriate reference for historic “seafaring” Salem. The tilted lawn forms the opposite side, providing extra holding capacity in unusually large rain events. This was tested shortly after construction completion when Salem experienced a massive rain storm. The water extended 20’ into the tilted lawn but had completely receded to the bio-swale one hour later. The gabion system, with its Ipe stadium seating and gangplank bridges, also gives an architectural expression to a natural process and allows for informal gathering in the midst of natural storm water management. LED lighting is concealed underneath the gangplanks, illuminating the bio-swale at night. In addition, a 6,200 square foot sedum green roof extends over the lower level dining hall, lending a green foreground view from the dorm rooms above, slowing the storm water flow and providing additional environmental and building operations benefits. The sedums are arranged by variety in architectural bands separated by beach pebble runnels. The bands align with the paving geometry on the ground, creating a strong correlation when viewed from the residential rooms above. As the sedum varieties migrate over time the bands will become less graphic demonstrating the process of plant naturalization and colonization.

This project combines and highlights soil remediation and storm water management in a central campus environment with everyday use by college students. Marsh Hall shows that these two seemingly opposite goals can coexist. The formal, contextually appropriate character of the walls, seating areas, and gangplank bridges encourages student use, while the careful study and augmentation of the soil and the creation of the bio-swale allow for a healthier campus and adjacent tidal marsh. Most critical, though, is the fact that hundreds of students will interact, on a daily basis, with a natural storm water system. This will undoubtedly make them more aware and accepting of this innovative, environmentally beneficial technology.

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