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项目描述 | Description

本项目的设计目标十分明确，那就是设计一座现代的乡村住宅。

The task was clear: Design for us a contemporary country house.

▼项目概览，overview

设计概念 | Concept

建筑师从当代摩拉维亚村庄的设计概念入手进行本项目的设计。如今，捷克对乡村住宅的定义似乎变得含糊不清了。在一个村庄里，没有人关心它的历史意义、聚落肌理和周边环境。建筑师认为，捷克和摩拉维亚正在经历历史上最大的城市规划危机之一。现如今，大多数乡村住宅都是将一座城市化的别墅不经思考地放在乡村场地上，而本项目的建筑师则希望自己不会陷入这种“不正确”的设计思路中。住宅需要将自身的空间打开，与道路建立联系，而不是与周边环境脱离开来，孤零零地放置在基地上。建筑师希望这座住宅能够在它所处的环境中突显出其存在感，而不是远离街道。与车库不同，住宅内一个显眼的窗户清晰有力地表现了室内空间与街道的关系。尽管如此，建筑师仍然着重考虑了住户的隐私，在墙后设置了一个私人庭院，同时这也是当地乡村住宅的一个明显的特征。

We began by exploring the concept of a contemporary Moravian village. Today, the definition of a rural house in Czechia seems to be ambiguous. Within a village, nobody pays attention to the historical and settlement context anymore. We think that Czech and Moravian village experiences one of the largest urban planning crises in history. Our aim was to show that a country house should not act as an urban villa placed carelessly in the middle of the estate, a phenomenon common for most of today’s projects. Rather than isolating the estate from its surroundings, it needs to open up and find its way back to the street. Instead of turning away from the street, we wanted to highlight its existence. Unlike a garage, a prominent window was to articulate the connection between the interior and the street. Nonetheless, maintaining privacy for the inhabitants formed an important consideration – a private courtyard located behind a wall is also a well-known feature of local country houses.

▼项目外观，exterior view

项目位置 | Location

住宅位于村庄的边缘，在这里，传统的乡村建筑已经逐渐被更具城市特色的别墅所取代。远远望去，这些城市化的住宅仿佛在城市和乡村之间竖起了一道虚构的分界线。项目基地是一片狭窄的坡地。因此建筑师的设计方案采用了狭长的单层建筑体量。住宅的尺度与当地传统建筑的尺度相当。在法规和邻里关系距离允许的范围内，住宅尽可能地将自身边界靠近街道和毗邻的建筑。如果可以不考虑那么多的限制因素，建筑师甚至会将住宅的侧墙建在场地的右边缘上，就像几百年前一样。

The estate is situated on the edge of a village, where the traditional rural structure has been replaced by villas of a more urban character. It seems as if the house formed an imaginary boundary between the old and the new urbanism. The plot is narrow and sloped. Our design came out in an elongated, single-storey shape. The scale of the house corresponds to the scale of a local traditional homestead. The building border has returned as near to the street and neighbours as regulations and neighbourly relationships permit. If it were only for us, the building would have been pushed right to the edge of the estate as it was usual hundreds of years before.

▼住宅位于一片狭窄的坡地上，尽可能靠近边界，the house is located at a narrow and slope site, sitting very close to the edge

施工| Construction

鉴于屋主常年从事农业工作，建筑师最初的设想是使用夯土作为外墙材料。如果使用这种方法，建筑师就可以使用大量便宜的稻草和肥料土来建造住宅，从而节省预算。但是最终，投资人选择使用传统的多孔混凝土块作为建筑材料。住宅的屋顶是亮红色的，白色的墙壁非常纯净，让人眼前一亮。住宅中传统的门廊则提供了一个遮阳空间，住户可以在这里享受闲暇时光。

▼住宅亮红色的屋顶，the bright red roof

As the building owner works in agriculture, we first considered using rammed earth as the material for the exterior walls. Using this method, we would have had plenty of cheap straw and dung at our disposal. But in the end, the investor opted for using conventional cellular concrete blocks. The roofing is bright red and the walls of white so pure it makes one’s eye narrow. The traditional porch provides a pleasant shadow.

▼住宅中传统的门廊则提供了一个遮阳空间，the traditional porch provides a pleasant shadow

建筑的洞口 | Opening

住宅山墙上的凸窗是建筑给人们的第一印象。凸窗稍微突出于建筑表面，突出部分的表面逐渐变得柔和。这便是这座住宅的主要特色之一。建筑师努力使建筑的景观视野最大化，同时在住宅和街道之间创建联系。与此同时，建筑师希望用现代的建筑语言来表现乡村住宅的山墙。在设计中，建筑师避免使用小窗，也不希望过度地夸大浪漫主义。

▼住宅山墙上的凸窗， the gable facade with a bay window

▼凸窗稍微突出于建筑表面，突出部分的表面逐渐变得柔和，the bay window gently breaks through the facade and the surface gradually seems to soften

A gable facade with a bay window forms the face of the house. The bay window gently breaks through the facade and the surface gradually seems to soften. This is one of the main features of the house. We strove to maximize the view and to form a relationship between the house and the street. At the same time, we wanted to articulate the representative gable wall of a country house in a contemporary language. We refused to settle for small windows and wished to avoid exaggerated romanticism.

▼从凸窗内部向外看，住宅和街道之间创建了联系，looking through the bay window, it forms a relationship between the house and the street

这座乡村住宅是建筑师接到的第一个商业委托。由此可见，屋主对我们抱有极大的信任。从初始设计阶段的第四期工程开始算，整个施工过程持续了3年的时间。在这期间，建筑师与投资方成为了朋友。直到今天，建筑师还会不定期地去村庄和住宅回访。

This house was our first commercial commission. That being so, the house owners expressed a great belief in ourselves. The construction lasted three (together with the initial design phase four) full years. During that time, we became friends with the investors. Until this day, we gladly and often keep coming back to Božice.

▼起居室，living room

▼餐厅，dining room

▼一层空间细部，dining room details

▼阁楼空间透视，attic space

▼从阁楼向下俯视，overlooking view from the attic

▼总平面图，site plan

▼首层平面图，ground floor plan

▼阁楼平面图，attic floor plan

▼立面图，elevation

▼剖面图，section

Architec: ORA, Jan Hora, Barbora Hora, Jan Veisser
Website: o-r-a.cz
Contact e-mail: dohromady@o-r-a.cz
Project location: Božice, South Moravia, Czech Republic
Client: Private
Project year: 2013
Completion year: 2018
Project size: 191 m2
Usable area: 169 m2
Photo credits: Jakub Skokan, Martin Tůma / BoysPlayNice www.boysplaynice.com

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