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All photos ©D. A. Horchner/Design Workshop, Inc.
All graphics ©Design Workshop, Inc.

美国科罗拉多州咆哮山谷中一片农庄被美国景观设计事务所Design Workshop改建设计。改造内容有：棕地恢复，环境恢复，建造新的河流栖息地，呈现出场地全新的风景。景观设计师首先对5栋历史建筑进行重建，然后观察当地自然河流，运用当地水生植物，沙子，石头，木材，新建出一片美丽健康的西式风情水域。

▼Before 以前

One of the earliest homesteads in the Colorado’s Roaring Fork Valley – once a successful agriculture and ranching operation, then an asphalt plant – had become a neglected landscape. The plan proposed the rehabilitation of the brownfield, restoring the property’s heritage and environmental importance. Through siting and restoration of historic buildings, as well as through the creation of a functioning riparian habitat from the required on-site storage of the property’s accompanying water rights, the project site is now a regionally significant property. A marriage of imagination and cultural acuity rendered an environmental restoration effort and the establishment of a new place.

The plan included the reorganization of buildings into the overall site planning and design for the landscape. The recreated compound consists of a main house and five historic out-buildings that were carefully moved and precisely reconstructed, emulating an earlier era when the property played an important role in the region’s ranching and social history. Observing the nearby Roaring Fork River – where deposit and erosion occur; how fallen timbers, sand and small stones build up to form islands – Design Workshop achieved a riparian landscape that fosters healthy aquatic life. The planting design is reminiscent of historic ranches throughout the West.

▼Plan 总体规划

直到上个世界80年代，这里还是一片牧场，可是当地修建高速公路时在附近修建了水泥搅拌站，以至于业主在90年代初购买下这片40英亩的土地时，已是杂草丛生，土地板结，水土流失严重，满目凋零。位于海拔2,194.6米，雪线以上的场地气候条件复杂–拥有烈日，暴雪，狂风和剧烈的温差变化。挖掘的池塘而形成的土方被用在遮挡冬季寒风与来自高速公路的噪音。美丽的水流栖息地一年四季变化万千，巨石下面还有小鱼。柳树，杉树的倒影映照在水面上。

Until the 1980’s, the property was part of a working cattle and sheep operation. At that time, work on the adjacent state highway necessitated the creation of an asphalt batch plant on the property. When purchased by the current owners in the mid1990’s, the 40-acre parcel was overgrown with weeds and invasive species. Piles of river rock and scattered debris were left. The ground was hard-packed and impenetrable with many drainage areas eroded, allowing construction remains to drain to the pristine river below. Multiple historic out-buildings, built by generations of ranching families, were scattered about the property.

The ranch is located 7,200 feet (2,194.6 meters) above sea level on a glacial terrace above the Roaring Fork River. Building and landscape organization responds to the intensity of the sun, prevailing winds, heavy snowfalls, and temperature fluctuations which can span 50 degrees Fahrenheit (10 degrees Celsius) daily. Excavated pond material was reused to buffer harsh winter winds and noise pollution coming from the adjacent highway. Water runs year round, capturing seasonal changes and providing an ever-changing submerged habitat. An occasional log or boulder presents informal opportunities for fishing and stream crossings. Groupings of willow, dogwood and spruce trees are planted strategically to cast shadows, cooling the shallow water.

重新修建的小木屋避开了本地盛行的西风，并被动式利用风能。建筑外面所有的照明灯饰都被取消，还乡村和野生动物们以宁静。池水的反射让景观层次丰富，多样的水生植物让景色充满生机。云杉，杨树等树种种植在西方保护不受西风的侵扰。丰富的水源被精心规划，妥善管理。曝气，臭氧，注射细菌，增氧等等一系列水处理过程维持水健康。

The reorganization of the cabins facilitates the use of the site’s prevailing westerly winds, allowing for passive ventilation for all buildings. With its rural location, the design team adhered to the Night Sky Ordinance, eliminating the use of exterior landscape fixtures, ultimately benefitting the site’s wildlife inhabitants. The reflective quality of the still water throughout the property adds qualities of color, texture, and depth to the landscape. A rhythm-like pattern of sun-filled and shaded areas provide a balanced ecosystem for aquatic life. A shelter belt of spruce, cottonwood and aspens provide initial protection from the site’s prevailing westerly winds.

Despite the property’s degraded condition, it had plentiful water rights. An easement dictated that the property function as a holding facility for the nearby village’s water rights. In response, water storage was cleverly integrated into the overall design concept by becoming an ecological and visual amenity that ties the ranch together. To create an appropriately functioning habitat, the required storage areas were consolidated into ponds with suitable riparian habitat improvements. Siltation basins and created wetlands increased water quality. A water treatment system, including aeration, ozone and bacterial injection, was constructed to increase dissolved oxygen and ensure a healthy aquatic environment.

建筑采用再生木材重建。路面使用了再生的沥青。当地的石材也被利用进场地建设，赋予自然驳岸更多的亮点。原生的草种和野花争相绽放在河滨与建筑之间的过渡地带。

改建后的场地与过去的工业污染地形象大相径庭，其价值被极大提升，促使人们更愿意呆在室外，呼吸新鲜空气，观赏自然美景，河流中的鳟鱼以及周围活跃的野生动物。土地，历史，自然，人在咆哮山谷重新和谐并存。

Through the renovation process, the buildings were reconstructed to today’s standards and insulated in a manner that retains heat during the winter months. The structural, mechanical and interior improvements allowed the “_ag house” (shown in photos with an American _ag roof) to be converted from a dilapidated structure into the ranch’s new guesthouse. The larger site was envisioned to become a self-sustainable landscape.

The pond is frequently monitored to ensure adequate water quality and habitat is achieved.

Five historic buildings, dating back to the early 1900s, were reconstructed, board by board, using reclaimed wood found locally. The project reduces transportation impacts and import needs by reusing existing site materials. Piles of recycled asphalt were reincorporated into the primary road. Excavated, glacially-honed boulders were reused along the water’s edge, and excavated pond material was sculpted to create subtle contours to direct water runoff. An inventory of native grasses and wildflowers resulted in the creation of the site’s custom grass and herbaceous plant mix.

These adapted native plants, including lupines, daisies and other wildflowers, create a transitional riparian landscape.

The project’s innovative approach improves ecological systems, connects itself with its heritage, and improves the value of the property and surrounding lands. The result encourages visitors to be outside, breathing fresh air and reconnecting with nature – a stark contrast to when the site was used for industrial purposes. The carefully preserved historic compound, in combination with a stream replete with trout and a healthy riparian habitat, is once again home to the region’s wildlife habitats. Interpretative signage is incorporated on each historic structure, telling a story of the land and its people after the Ute tribes left the Roaring Fork Valley.

One of the project’s most significant lessons came from magnesium chloride, a product commonly used on icy highways during winter months.

With nearly a quarter mile (0.4-kilometers) of highway frontage, the design team collaborated with Colorado Department of Transportation to ensure locations of proposed plantings respected their right-of-way. Since the project’s completion, plantings of blue spruce closest to the highway (up to 100 feet / 30 meters away) appear increasingly damaged by the magnesium chloride spray. Plantings of Pines, Cottonwoods and Aspens, however, do not appear as affected. Thus, the design team learned how spruce planting should not be used in areas potentially impacted by magnesium chloride.

Credits
Location: Pitkin County, Colorado
Design Workshop Team: Richard Shaw; Valerie Alexander; Taber Sweet; PeterNorth; Brian McNellis; Gweneth Newman
External Team: H3 Architects; B & H General Contractors, Inc.; the LandscapeWorkshop, Inc.
Awards: 2010 Honor Award for Residential Design, American Society ofLandscape Architects

All photos ©D. A. Horchner/Design Workshop, Inc.
All graphics ©Design Workshop, Inc.

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