Oversea在海外专辑NO.11—Shuang Li 李双

海外存知己，天涯若比邻。
在海外专辑分享海外华人的故事。希望这份分享可以让世界更加海阔天空。
第十一期为您呈现的是毕业于东京大学的李双。

A bosom friend afar brings distant land near. The Oversea album shares the lives of Chinese living abroad with all. The No.11 episode is about Shuang Li  who graduated from University of Tokyo.

1

Two years master course/ University of Tokyo, Obuchi Lab/
Digital Fabrication related architecture and urban design/ Group research project,

groupmates: LI Shuang Lauren, LIN Xuhao Colin, Lee Dasom
两年修士课程/日本东京大学 小渕研究室/
利用参数化设计来进行建筑和城市的设计/合作项目，
组员：李双Lauren，林旭浩Colin，Lee Dasom

Research Brief:
Researching on the material – cotton fabric, and social issues related to material recycling, reusing and disposal problem in the city of Tokyo, proposing a sustainable architectural approach of optimizing the material’s urban flow.

研究课题：
从材料的研究出发，我们选择的材料为棉布以及棉布相关联的废弃以及循环再利用方式，使得材料能利用自身特性，尤其是在东京这所城市里建立起一个完整的再利用循环系统的调查与设计。

Detailed Research Contents：
During the researches, we have found that cotton’s cultivation and related manufacturing is largely relating to water issues. Also, according to the General lifecycle of cotton products, there are actually problems existing in 4 major areas: Agricultural irrigation, problems caused in agricultural cultivation, Cotton products production caused water contamination and how to dispose the material at the end of the life. It’s easy to see that cotton is a thirsty plant from this diagram. The amount of water required for making clothes and trousers is nearly 20 times than producing food. here is one of the case study of Aral sea, there are 73% of the global cotton are grown in intensively irrigated field while Aral sea is the worst case: it’s drying out rapidly. during the cultivation process, People more intended to use gene modified seed since they are pesticides resistance. therefore, excessive amount of pesticides while cultivating it which causes soil contamination. also, sweating labours is another big problem in developing countries in both raw material cultivation and clothes making. in the researches of cotton related products manufacturing, we have found that 2.6% of the global water usage is for textile production and there are plenty of effluent discharge directly into the river without any careful treatment. At the last stage of the life of fabric’s life cycle, it’s usually thrown away without careful consideration. we have found out that 72% of the clothing away in Japan this year, while people’s total consumption each year is around 2 million ton, averagely 20 kg per person. also, comparing to other recyclable materials, clothing is the lowest which is only 28%. Therefore, we propose a more environmental friendly method of clothing disposal. normally, clothing are thrown away directly in the trash. but we thought that they could be collected, transform into non-woven fabric which is used in our water farm, in which we have used wheat paste stiffened fabric by laying them together and hanging while natural gravity force is applied. In this case, interesting overall geometry would be created by connecting individual component in a designated order. The water farm would turn out to be a floating garden in the end, creating the biodiversity of the river bank area. And finally, the farm will be biodegrading in the water as a environmental friendly way to end the lifetime of this material.

 

材料背景介绍

我们把棉布的研究从棉花的种植出发，发现棉花的种植以及棉布的生产都与水质量有着密切关联。其过程中有4大主要问题：1. 灌溉中的水浪费，2. 栽培过程中的水污染，3. 棉布生产过程中的水污染， 4. 棉布利用终期随意丢弃以及没有注意再利用。不难看出棉花种植以及棉布生产过程需要大量的水。经调查，做一条裤子所用的水量为生产大米的20倍左右。我们找到的最严重的例子是在咸海周围有着大量的棉花田，使得咸海水量大幅下降甚至导致咸海有消失的危机。在种植的过程中，为了增加产量来满足大量的市场需求，以及图农药灌溉时的方便，大多数农庄会选择转基因棉花，最终导致严重的水土污染。棉布生产过程中的用水量大约占全球总用水量的2.6%，并且在多数发展中国家有时候甚至是发达国家，污水没经过处理就直接排放到江河里，导致严重的环境恶化。人们的棉布利用为每年2百万吨，平均下来为20千克每人。而且在利用终期，我们发现东京市内每年将近有72%的棉布衣类被直接丢弃，使得棉布的再利用率在东京市是最低的。于是，从棉布的再利用出发，我们将设计一个对环境有益的材料循环。与其丢弃旧衣类最终焚烧或者填埋，不如在市内收集所有的旧衣类，用机器制作成无纺布料（non-woven fabric）, 首先把棉布切成设计好大小的简单的菱形个体，然后把一沓菱形的布利用简单的悬挂方式形成的有循序变化的单个形态。利用对环境无害的米胶风干硬化过程来保留形态，最后把硬化好了单个布块用电脑做好的连接方式模拟，结构状态模拟，最终形态模拟，来做出有意思的空间。为解决棉花吃水问题，我们决定把无纺布料做出的形态当做种植棉花的“土壤”，把棉花田直接搬到水上，即解决了灌溉过程中的水浪费问题，又能把农场转型成为一个水上生态公园，还能利用“棉花土”种出棉花， 最后棉布田在水中被生物递降分解，完整了这个材料的生命循环。棉布的材料废弃问题最后以设计出一个城市中以棉布的再利用为主导的，节约能源，结合经济，农业，政治等相关社会问题的材料循环的有意思的建筑空间为最终解决方案。

 

2

University of Bath/4th year/graduation design/individual design work
英国巴斯大学/本科4年级/毕业设计/个人设计

The Garden City, is the final individual project in the University of Bath for getting Bsc (hons) Archietcture degree. This is a 5 moths project, starts from Jan 12th 2011 and ends on June 3rd 2011. It’s a project which demonstrate indivudual design ability, analytical skills of the culture of Bath city and capability of fully presenting in all methods.

这个作品是以“城市花园”为主题的大学本科的毕业设计。设计时间为5个月，从2011年1月12日开始到6月3日截止。

THE CITY & DESIGN CONCERN
Starting from the analysis of the city – Bath, which is one of the oldest and most traditional city in UK. Most of the buildings are kept the 18c Georgian style, which is also the home town of the author of Pride and Prejudice, Jane Austen. The conflicts existing between whether to keep the traditional building and designing modern architecture has always been the biggest concern in the future planning of the city. Also, because of the bias on beautiful Georgian buildings at the city center, the rest of the city has been ignored or even abandoned, which has caused a large non-balance between the center area and non-developed circle around the center area.The design direction would be referring to ‘reminding people of the beauty of the traditional architecture, inspiring and stimulate the non-balanced part therefore bringing a more sustainable future to the ancient city’.
DESIGN CONCEPT AND CONTENTS
The fracture zone needs something joyful or playful to be stimulated, and turning this area to a sub center. A cookery school is a social place as well as an educational place; it brings people together, build up social connections and helps regenerating the neighbourhood in a positive way.Ground floor would be the market area, in which the market roof is designed as a hanging garden for people to walk around. The hanging garden carries on around the vertical tower, in which the tower contains cooking classroom and hydroponic farming space, until it reaches the 11th floor, which is a restaurant where people would enjoy the view of the beautiful city along the way of climbing up and good food at the top of the tower.

 

城市与设计上的考虑

巴斯是英国最古老的城市之一。市中心地区80%的建筑都完美的保留着18世纪的乔治亚风格， 是英国最美丽的城市之一， 也是小说《傲慢与偏见》作者简奥斯丁的故乡。 从城市的解析出发，首先， 困扰城市规划与设计最多的地方为到底是继续拷贝乔治亚风格建造仿古的建筑，还是用现代的风格来促进城市的发展？其次，因为英国人对古建的偏爱，这个城市的市中心和围绕市区的地域的建设程度有着非常大的落差。如何填充这个落差，使城市发展均衡，成了这次设计中另一个需要慎重考虑之处。因此，设计的方向可以总结为“既让人们不会忘记城市传统的魅力，又能促进城市往可持续化道路上发展的建筑”。

 

设计概念与内容

城市中心的周边落差很大的地区需要一些正面的，乐观积极的建筑空间来刺激其发展成巴斯城的副中心。一个平面空间里带有集市，立面空间里带有垂直农场的烹饪学校会是一个不错的选择。人们利用学习烹饪的机会，建立起关系网，能给这块地区带来活跃的效果。一层设计成集市， 集市的屋顶被做成了空中花园。这个花园空间沿着这个小高层的阳台盘旋而上一直到顶楼11层。小高层中全部为烹饪教室以及学校自带的立体农场。人们不但在爬楼梯的过程中欣赏了巴斯城的美丽风景，又可以在达到顶楼之后享受餐厅提供的美食。

When:
2005~2007 Bosworth Independent College, Northampton, UK
2007~2011 University of Bath, UK
BSc (Hons) Architecture (RIBA Part 1)
2011~2013 日本東京大学 修士两年
Where: UK, Japan
Who: LI Shuang Lauren
From: Hunan
School: University of Tokyo
Contact:
lsh402@hotmail.com
http://laurenshuang.daportfolio.com/