Design as Experiment: The Handan Wastewater Cleansing Terraces by Turenscape

感谢 土人设计 对gooood的分享。更多关于他们：Turenscape on gooood
Appreciation towards Turenscape for providing the following description:

1. 项目陈述
Project Statement

一个城市垃圾场被改造为一个基于自然的水生态修复实验性景观。设计通过将几种不同的人工湿地结合在一起，形成沉浸式的生活景观，且在项目中还可以观察并量化设计与生态系统性能之间的相关性，同时提供探索和教育的功能。该项目展示了基于自然的途径如何净化废水和修复棕地，并提供生态系统服务、科学研究，及审美启智功能。

▼视频，Video © 土人设计

An urban waste dump has been transformed into a designed experiment: a nature-based wastewater remediation system. Several types of constructed wetland were combined to form an immersive living landscape in which the correlations between design variables and ecosystem performance can be observed and quantified, while simultaneously yielding a landscape for exploration and education. The project showcases how wastewater and land can simultaneously provide clean water, ecosystem benefits and scientific data, as well as beauty.

▼项目概览，Overall view © 土人设计

2. 场地挑战和目标
Site Challenges and Objectives

几十年来，钢铁和煤矿等重工业的需求和发展造成了这个城市的缺水与污染。为促进城市的绿色发展，邯郸获得了河北省第四届园林博览会，即邯郸园林博览会主办资格。通过层层筛选，土人设计很荣幸赢得了邯郸园博会的设计竞标，受托设计这个原本遍布煤灰、垃圾和固体废物的325公顷“废地”。

For decades, the city Handan suffered water shortages and pollution caused by the demands and impact of heavy industry, including steel and coal. As one part of its green development campaign, the city won the competition to host Hebei Province’s 4th garden expo——the Handan Garden Expo 2020. The landscape architect won the design competition and was commissioned to design the overall landscape, which covers 325 hectares on a site that formerly was primarily used for dumping coal ash, garbage and other solid wastes.

▼场地平面图，Site plan © 土人设计

▼场地鸟瞰，Aerial view © 土人设计

“清渠如许”的设计属于邯郸园博会的设计亮点，占地10.4公顷的梯田旨在展示基于自然的途径在废水净化和固体废物回收方面的潜在力量。该场地原本为城市垃圾和污染物堆成的20米高的小山，毗邻20公顷的退化湿地。万幸的是，设计前调查表明，现场没有有害物质对未来游客没有潜在的健康风险。

The Wastewater Purification Terraces were designed as one part of this grand show. Covering an area of 10.4 hectares, the terraces are intended to be a demonstration of the potential power of nature-based solutions for cleaning wastewater and recycling solid waste. The site is a 20-meter high mound, made of urban waste and debris, and is adjacent to a degraded wetland of 20 hectares. A pre-design site survey indicated that there are no hazardous materials on site and therefore no potential health risk for future visitors.

▼梯田和水池，The terraces and ponds © 土人设计

3. 设计策略
Design Strategies 

设计共应用了三种类型的湿地系统：1）自由水面台地（FWST）系统；2）潜流台地（SFT）系统；3）沉淀与氧化系统，并排列了五种净化组合进行观察。净化后的水汇集到邻近的湿地，帮助退化的湿地生态系统恢复。设计由木栈道系统链接各观察点、净化平台和构筑物，以便于收集数据和营造沉浸式的景观体验。

Three types of wetland systems were designed: (1) the free water surface terrace (FWST) system; (2) the subsurface flow terrace (SFT) system; and (3) retention pond systems or oxidation ponds. Altogether, five combinations of the three wetland types were designed for observation. The cleansed water is then discharged into the adjacent wetland to help restore the degraded wetland ecosystem. A network of boardwalks connecting observation points, platforms and pavilions was designed to allow data collection and provide an immersive landscape experience.

▼木栈道系统链接各平台和构筑物，Platforms and pavilions are connected through a network of boardwalks © 土人设计

收集的数据可以直接帮助学生和专业人员了解水修复的自然过程，并分析变量与性能之间的相关性，以指导未来的设计实践。每天来自当地水处理厂的15000吨预处理废水被净化，这有助于恢复20多公顷的湿地系统，与传统水处理工艺相比，每年预计节省100万千瓦的电力。最终一个城市垃圾场已经成功转变为一个可以享受悠闲生活的景观实验基地，同时让游客亲眼目睹污染物（包括氯离子和其他独特颜色的矿物）带来的视觉冲击。

First-hand data has been collected that is helping students and professionals understand the natural water-remediation process, and the correlations between design variables and their performance are being analyzed to guide future design practice. Each day, 15,000 tons of pre-treated wastewater from the local water treatment plant is cleansed. That is helping to restore the 50-acre adjacent wetland, and save 1.0 million KWH of electricity per year compared to conventional water treatment processes. Meanwhile, an urban dump has been successfully transformed into an immersive living landscape experiment that helps visitors see pollutants (including chloridion and other uniquely colored minerals) in a visually striking manner.

▼阶梯湿地，The terraced wetland © 土人设计

▼观景亭，The pavilion © 土人设计

▼场地数据分析，Site data © 土人设计

▼剖面示意，Sections © 土人设计

首席设计师：俞孔坚
设计人员：王书芬，秦玥，张帆，刘春辉，陈萌萌，郭佳，李子轩，孙华，陈素波，孙陶，罗京晶，刘嘉琪，史育玉，顾海宁，刘杰，陈曙光，张要刚，阮甜子，周一男，何俞轩，何选宁，彭英豪

Project name: The Handan Wastewater Purification Terraces
Project location: Handan City, Hebei Province, China
Size: 10. 4 Hectares（26 Acres）
Designed: March 2019；Built: September 2020

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