Westside School by SKL Architects

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Appreciation towards SKL Architects for providing the following description:

Westside是一所提供学前班至8年级教育的中学，共有360名学生，却面临着无处续租的问题。在其附近，即位于西雅图西南部住宅区的Hillcrest Presbyterian教堂同样处于一个尴尬的境地：其教会规模在多年来持续缩小，虽然仍旧受到人们的爱戴，却不可否认它已是一座效率低下的70年代建筑的事实。在此基础上，一个新的方案诞生了：该教堂将与附近的另一座教堂进行合并，同时将设施出售给Westside中学以保证其正常运行。教堂高耸的拱顶将得到翻新，并成为Westside中学的新址。

Westside School, a pre-K through eighth grade school serving 360 students, was about to lose its lease. At the same time and nearby, the Hillcrest Presbyterian Church, located in a residential neighborhood southwest of downtown Seattle, found itself in an awkward position. Its congregation had decreased in size over the years, but remained in a large well-loved, but inefficient 1970s-era facility. A plan was born: the church would co-locate with another church nearby and sell its facility to the school to fund ongoing operations. The soaring, vaulted wood roof structures of the church would be resurrected as a school and new home for Westside.

▼建筑外观，exterior view

▼主立面，main facade

Westside中学致力于对既有的教堂进行大规模的修复和重新利用，同时尽可能地减少施工带来的能源消耗。教堂中殿的叉骨形拱顶成为了本次设计的灵感来源。设计师保留了既有的45英尺长的胶合木拱顶，并对既有空间进行了重新配置，使其能够容纳教室、办公室、服务空间、餐厅和储藏室等，同时将既有的健身房保留下来。

As stewards of the next generation, Westside was committed to extensively reusing the existing church structure and minimizing the embodied energy used in new construction. The church’s soaring wishbone-shaped nave was the departure point for our imagination. Inspired by the soaring nave we preserved the 45-foot-long glulam arches and reconfigured the space to accommodate classrooms, offices, support, lunchroom, and storage, preserving the existing gym.

▼原教堂的叉骨形拱顶被保留下来，the church’s soaring wishbone-shaped nave was preserved

▼既有建筑与新的入口大厅形成连接， the new entry foyer was connected to the existing structure in a way that communicates a sense of unity

设计的挑战在于如何使既有建筑与新的入口大厅形成连接，同时传达出一种统一感。新的建筑提供了大量具有鼓励性的学习环境。嵌入教室墙壁的创意空间为自主交流和非正式的小组教学提供了灵活的场所。其他空间也致力于促进互动创新和引发好奇心。新的入口在建筑中心构成了一个透明的集会和展示空间，使家长、教学人员和学生能够在这里聚集和沟通。5.5万平方英尺的建筑空间（既有面积3.5万平方英尺/扩建面积2万平方英尺）最终将学校的过去与未来连接在一起。

▼庭院视角，courtyard view

The challenge was to connect the existing structure to the new entry foyer in a way that communicates a sense of unity. The architecture provides a range of engaging learning environments. Idea spaces carved into the classrooms provide flex space for spontaneous meetings and informal, smaller, group learning. Other found spaces encourage interaction, creativity, and curiosity. The new entry forms a central, transparent gathering and display space where parents, faculty and students convene and connect. The 55,000-square-foot unified structure (35,000-square-foot renovated / 20,000-square-foot new) embodies learning, linking the school’s present with its future and past.

▼公共空间和走廊，communal area and circulation

设计方案在节能方面进行了全面的考虑，包括照明、采光、空调系统、自然通风和光伏板的安装等。建筑中所有的照明均采用了LED，照明功率密度控制在0.3瓦/平方英尺以下。经过与西雅图综合设计实验室的合作，设计团队奖天窗精确地设置在中殿的屋顶，从而减少了新建的礼堂和图书馆的照明用电负荷。建筑的机械系统采用了Design For Off™的模式，可以不受周围空间的影响为特定的区域提供暖气、冷气和自然风。

All aspects of energy savings were looked at in the design, including lighting, daylighting, HVAC, natural ventilation and future PV panel mounting provisions. Lighting throughout the building is entirely LED, with an installed lighting power density of less than 0.3 W/ft2. After consulting with Seattle’s Integrated Design Lab, carefully oriented and sized skylights were introduced into the nave roof to reduce electric lighting loads in the newly created auditorium and library. The philosophy for the mechanical system design was a Design For Off™ approach, focused on right-sized zonal equipment that can operate independently from neighboring spaces for heating, cooling and ventilation.

▼拱顶下的礼堂，auditorium under the arches

▼图书室，library

立面系统给的建造严格遵循了《西雅图能源法规》的要求，健身房和中殿的屋顶均进行了更换或重置隔热层。新的教室安装了可调节的窗户，充分利用了西雅图温和的气候。天花板上安装的风扇为每个教室带来均匀而新鲜的流动空气，使室内的热舒适性得到改善。一年级所在的教学楼实现了14千英热/平方英尺·年的EUI测量值。旧教学楼的数据则是48千英热/平方英尺·年，其中生活用水的加热能耗达到39千英热/平方英尺·年。对比之下，新建筑的能源使用效率要比旧建筑高出70%。

▼新的建筑提供了大量具有鼓励性的学习环境，the architecture provides a range of engaging learning environments

New portions of the envelope were built to meet strict Seattle Energy Code requirements, and the majority of the gym and nave roofs and walls were replaced and/or re-insulated. New classrooms feature operable windows to take advantage of Seattle’s moderate climate. Ceiling fans help evenly distribute the fresh air in classrooms and provide air movement for improved thermal comfort. First school year building operation achieved a measured EUI of 14 kBtu/ft2·yr. The old Westside School building operated at 48 kBtu/ft2·yr, 39 kBtu/ft2·yr of which was space and DHW heating. The new building is 70% more efficient than the school’s former building.

▼嵌入教室墙壁的创意空间为自主交流和非正式的小组教学提供了灵活的场所，idea spaces carved into the classrooms provide flex space for spontaneous meetings and informal, smaller, group learning

Westside中学目前是华盛顿州西北部能源效率最高的学校之一，它以最少的暖通系统成本预算实现了最高效的性能，且足以达到“2030 Challenge”所提出的节能目标。

Westside School is now one of the most energy-efficient schools in the Northwest region, created with an extremely small HVAC budget, and achieved by concentrating on introducing energy efficiency where it would count the most. The result is a building that easily meets the 2030 Challenge.

▼教堂原貌，existing structure

▼施工现场，construction phase

▼轴测图（蓝色为扩建部分），axon (new construction in blue)

▼地下一层平面图（蓝色为扩建部分），basement plan (new construction in blue)

▼1层平面图，plan level 1

▼2层平面图，plan level 2

▼剖面图，sections

▼机械系统示意图，mechanical diagram

Project team
Architect: SKL Architects
Construction contractor: Kirtley-Cole Associates, LLC
Civil Engineer: Pace Engineers
Structural Engineer: Quantum Consulting Engineers LLC
Design Assist: Ecotope
Electrical Design-Build: Prime Electric
Geotechnical Engineer: Terra Associates, Inc.
Landscape Architect: Thomas Rengstorf & Associates
Acoustics: BRC Acoustics
Envelope: RDH
Cost Estimating: JMB Consulting Group
Traffic: Gibson Traffic Consultants
Materials
Mutual Materials, brick (“Ebony”)
Hardie, fiber cement siding
Soprema SBS Modified Membrane Roofing, for flat roof areas
Atlas Stormaster SBS Shingles, for nave and gym roofs
Jeld-Wen Aluminum Clad Windows, classroom windows
Kawneer, 1600 Curtain Wall, curtain wall system
Crystalite, skylights
Interface, carpet
SKL Architects project team
Gladys Ly Au Young | Principal in Charge
Wingyee Leung | Project Architect
Rick Sundberg, John Kennedy, Frances Nelson, Myra Lara | Design Team
Nicole Lew | Design Team, Graphic
Photographer: Benjamin Benschneider (bbenschneider@comcast.net)

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