Karmøy Pilot Homes by Snøhetta

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在挪威西南海岸的卡尔默，Snøhetta为患有严重药物滥用和精神疾病的居民们特别设计了三种不同的住宅空间。设计项目从实验研究开始，探索不同的形状、材料和颜色，以及住房技术和消防安全方案，研究如何能够在强调健康安全环境管理、降低政府成本的同时，提高居民的生活质量。Snøhetta希望日后能够将研究和实践成果推广到其他城市，为更多人提供可持续的住房方案。

▼视频，video ©Kjetil Skårdal Andersen/OiOiOi

On Karmøy, an island on the southwestern coast of Norway, Snøhetta has designed three adapted homes for residents with serious substance abuse and psychiatric diagnoses. The design of the homes are based on results from a research project in which different shapes, materials and colours, as well as solutions for housing technology and fire safety, have been investigated to find solutions that can increase the quality of living for residents, strengthen HSE and safety for employees, as well as reduce the municipality’s costs. The goal is that the research will be scaled up to other municipalities, and in the future can provide good and lasting solutions for more people.

▼住宅外观，exterior of the residence ©Haakon Nordvik

▼探索不同的形状、材料和颜色，
a research project in which different shapes, materials and colours ©Haakon Nordvik

▼探索不同的形状、材料和颜色，
a research project in which different shapes, materials and colours ©Haakon Nordvik

“设计这个项目的时候，我们考虑了很多细节，当然这些也是住宅设计通常会需要顾及的，例如：通风、采光、绿化景观、自然材料、传统材料，以及能够表达个性和创意的灵活设计。更重要的是“家”所带来的安全感、归属感、自豪感，以及尊重感。在这些基础上，我们又进行了一些特别改装设计。”

——Snøhetta资深室内建筑师兼项目负责人Elin Vatn表示，

“Everything that is usually taken into account when designing homes is also emphasized here – air and light, views of the green, natural and tradition-bearing materials, and flexible solutions that facilitate expression and creativity. The need for security, belonging and pride in one’s home. That you feel treated with respect and dignity. The special adaptations have been made in addition to this, not at the expense of them.”

——Elin Vatn, Senior Interior Architect and Project Lead at Snøhetta says,

▼雪景下的住宅，residence under the snow ©Haakon Nordvik

Snøhetta从三位实际居民的需求出发，为卡尔默试点住宅设计了三种不同类型的改造住房。这三间住宅的布局和尺度很类似，但在材料的应用上却截然不同。其中一间住宅选用实木，内部空间展现外露木材；另外两间住宅则分别是采用砖块和混凝土建成的半独立式住宅。三间住宅都设有鞍状屋顶，勾勒出有趣多变的内部空间。

Based on the behaviour and needs of three actual residents, the homes on Karmøy have been developed with three different profiles. The three houses are similar in layout and volume, but differ in the use of materials. While one is made of solid wood, with exposed wood in the interiors, the other two are designed as a semi-detached house with one unit in brick and one in concrete. All homes have a diagonal saddle roof that provides a good and interesting dynamic inside the rooms.

▼实木住宅，residence made of solid wood ©Haakon Nordvik

▼实木住宅内部，residence made of solid wood ©Haakon Nordvik

▼厨房，kitchen ©Haakon Nordvik

项目主要使用的三种材料——实木、混凝土和砖块，在物理测试中均表现良好，包括抗冲击、防火和防涂污等。这三种材料的表面也都略为粗糙，防磨防损，痕迹并不会太明显。项目通过选择三种不同的主要材料，来测试材料使用对住户、房屋维护的影响。此外，Snøhetta还特别针对住房技术、庇护、通风、供暖和消防安全等方面，研究特别解决方案。

The three main materials, solid wood, concrete and brick, have scored well on physical tests where their resistance to, for example, impact, fire and tagging have been examined. They also have a slightly rough surface, and can withstand wear and tear without appearing particularly worn. By choosing three different main materials, you also get to test the extent to which materials affect the resident, and what consequences this has for maintenance. Special solutions have also been developed for housing technology, shielding, ventilation, heating and fire safety.

▼红砖住宅，residence made of red brick ©Haakon Nordvik

▼红砖住宅室内，interior of the red brick residence ©Haakon Nordvik

▼红砖住宅室内，interior of the red brick residence ©Haakon Nordvik

▼红砖住宅卫生间，bathroom of the red brick residence ©Haakon Nordvik

“每个人都渴望拥有属于自己的东西，一个让我们生活越来越好并为之自豪的物理空间。这对药物滥用和精神疾病患者来说也是一样的。我们希望这些住宅能够改善他们的生活环境，也希望将来有更多市镇和机构参与到相关的研究中来，让我们一起学习并深入发掘这个项目的设计初衷和概念。”

——Snøhetta创始合伙人Kjetil Trædal Thorsen表示，

“We all have a need and desire to have something of our own, a place we thrive, can cultivate our interests, and be proud of. This is no less important to people with substance abuse and psychiatric diagnoses. We hope that these homes can improve the living situation of the residents who will use them, but also that more municipalities and agencies want to take part in the research in the future, so we can learn even more and improve the concept further.”

——Kjetil Trædal Thorsen, Founding Partner of Snøhetta, says,

▼混凝土住宅室内，interior of the concrete residence ©Haakon Nordvik

▼混凝土住宅室内，interior of the concrete residence ©Haakon Nordvik

卡尔默希望不再有无家可归的市民。行为问题、社会挑战和频繁搬迁等，导致一部分的市民在寻找住房时面临很多困难，也造成极高的维护成本。卡尔默希望能够为所有患有药物滥用和精神疾病的居民提供改装住房，并了解他们的需求。

Karmøy municipality has a zero vision when it comes to homelessness in the municipality, and wants to be able to offer adapted housing for all residents with substance abuse and psychiatric diagnoses, as well as for the need to be clarified in close dialogue with the resident. Behavioural and social challenges and frequent relocation lead to great difficulties in finding suitable housing, and very high maintenance costs.

▼住宅外观，exterior  ©Haakon Nordvik

卡尔默岛试点住房研究项目于2020年开始，旨在通过与居民、市政员工、住户和相关机构合作，应需改装住房的物理设计。项目研究及实践由挪威研究理事会、卡尔默市政府和斯塔万格市政府资助，并由挪威研究中心、斯塔万格大学、西挪威应用科技大学、挪威国家住房银行、A-larm及Snøhetta合作推行。

The research project Karmøy pilot housing, which was initiated in 2020, seeks to adapt the physical housing elements in collaboration with residents, municipal employees and user and next of kin organisations. The project is funded by the Research Council of Norway and the municipalities of Karmøy and Stavanger, and carried out by the Norwegian Research Centre (Norce) in collaboration with the University of Stavanger, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, the Norwegian State Housing Bank, A-larm and Snøhetta.

▼雪景下的住宅，residence under the snow  ©Haakon Nordvik

地点：挪威卡默尔
年份：2020-2024
业主：卡默尔市政府
类型：住宅、材料研究
设计内容：建筑、室内建筑
承包商：Saga Bygg
摄影：Haakon Nordvik
影片：Kjetil Skårdal Andersen/OiOiOi

Location: Karmøy, Norway
Year: 2020-2024
Client: Karmøy Municipality
Typologies: Residential, Material Exploration
Scope: Architecture, Interior Architecture
Entrepreneur: Saga Bygg
Photos: Haakon Nordvik
Video: Kjetil Skårdal Andersen/OiOiOi

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