Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara Receive the 2020 Pritzker Architecture Prize

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伊冯·法雷尔和谢莉·麦克纳马拉荣获2020年普利兹克建筑奖

Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara Receive the 2020 Pritzker Architecture Prize

“建筑是人类生活的框架。它为我们提供栖身之所和归属感，并将我们连接到外部世界，这可能是其它空间塑造学科所无法做到的。”——伊冯·法雷尔

“我们行业的核心在于发自内心地相信建筑至关重要，这是人类发明的一种文化空间现象。”——伊冯·法雷尔

“Architecture is a framework for human life. It anchors us and connects us to the world in a way which possibly no other space-making discipline can.”——Shelley McNamara

“At the core of our practice is a real belief that architecture matters. It is a cultural spatial phenomenon that people invent.”——Yvonne Farrell

▼伊冯·法雷尔和谢莉·麦克纳马拉
Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara

引言（点击查看视频）：https://vimeo.com/393001751
对地球负责（点击查看视频）：https://vimeo.com/393003094
这是一场旅行（点击查看视频）：https://vimeo.com/393002804

2020年3月3日，美国伊利诺伊州芝加哥市：凯悦基金会主席汤姆士·普利兹克今天宣布，来自爱尔兰都柏林的伊冯·法雷尔和谢莉·麦克纳马拉荣获了2020年度普利兹克建筑奖。该奖项由凯悦基金会赞助，是国际上公认的建筑界最高荣誉。

Chicago, IL (March 3, 2020) – Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara of Dublin, Ireland, have been selected as the 2020 Pritzker Prize Laureates, announced Tom Pritzker, Chairman of The Hyatt Foundation, which sponsors the award that is known internationally as architecture’s highest honor.

“建筑堪称地球上最复杂、最重要的文化活动之一。能成为一名建筑师荣幸之至。赢得这个奖项，更是对我们建筑信念的极大认可，谢谢大家给予我们此项殊荣。” ——伊冯·法雷尔

“Architecture could be described as one of the most complex and important cultural activities on the planet. To be an architect is an enormous privilege. To win this prize is a wonderful endorsement of our belief in architecture. Thank you for this great honor.”——Yvonne Farrell

自20世纪70年代以来，身兼建筑师和教育家双重身份的法雷尔和麦克纳马拉所创造出的空间兼具敬意与新意，尊重历史传统的同时，也展示出对城市环境和建筑工艺的了如指掌，在力量与精致之间求得平衡，又秉承对特定场所周边环境的敬畏。她们所设计的学术、公共和文化机构建筑以及住房项目，成为既有现代感又不乏影响力的艺术作品——它们从不重复或模仿，绝对是属于建筑本身的风格表达。

As architects and educators since the 1970s, Farrell and McNamara create spaces that are at once respectful and new, honoring history while demonstrating a mastery of the urban environment and craft of construction. Balancing strength and delicacy, and upholding a reverence of site-specific contexts, their academic, civic and cultural institutions, as well as housing developments, result in modern and impactful works that never repeat or imitate, but are decidedly of their own architectural voice.

“为了表彰她们对待建筑及创作方式永不妥协的敬业实践，对合作的坚韧信念，对同行的慷慨分享——尤其是在2018年威尼斯双年展等活动中的表现，为了她们对追求卓越建筑的长久承诺，对环境担负责任的创作态度，她们具备国际化的视野，同时对各个项目地点的独特性兼收并蓄……综上所述因由，未及悉数概括，我们把2020年普利兹克建筑奖授予伊冯·法雷尔和谢莉·麦克纳马拉。”——2020年度评委会评审辞

“For their integrity in their approach to both their buildings, as well as the way they conduct their practice, their belief in collaboration, their generosity towards their colleagues, especially as evidenced in such events as the 2018 Venice Biennale, their unceasing commitment to excellence in architecture, their responsible attitude toward the environment, their ability to be cosmopolitan while embracing the uniqueness of each place in which they work, for all these reasons and more, Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara are awarded the 2020 Pritzker Architecture Prize,” ——2020 Jury Citation, in part

两位建筑师来自爱尔兰，一个山脉绵延、悬崖遍布的岛国，她们因而得以培养出对每个地方的地形地貌、气候变迁和自然环境的敏锐感觉。她们的建筑设计始终保持着丰富的用意，但又很适度；优化了城市并增加可持续性发展来回馈当地的需求。利马工程技术大学的校园（利马，秘鲁2015年）位于一个充满挑战性的地点，一侧是陷在深谷里的高速公路，而另一侧毗邻居民区。她们的设计成果是一栋垂直布局的退台式建筑，同时与地形和气候的要求相呼应。其中的开放空间旨在自然引入来自海洋的清凉微风，并最大限度地减少对空调的需求。在财政部办公楼（都柏林，爱尔兰2009年）的设计中，她们选用本地石灰石制作的厚板，为建筑物赋予了力量感。凹入或与立面齐平的窗户，其下方均设有格栅，使得新鲜空气能够在整个建筑物中流通。建筑物在各个立面均有开窗并非这座城市建筑的典型风格，能够提供全景视野。

Their native Ireland, an island replete with mountains and cliffs, informs their acute sensitivities to geography, changing climates and nature in each of their sites. Their buildings consistently remain purposefully rich, yet modest, enhancing cities and lending to sustainability while responding to local needs. University Campus UTEC Lima (Lima, Peru 2015) is located on a challenging site with a highway sunk in a ravine on one side and a residential neighborhood on the other. The result is a vertical and cascading building responding to both site and climatic needs. Its open spaces were designed to deliberately welcome cooling breezes of the ocean and minimize the need for air-conditioning. At the Offices for the Department of Finance (Dublin, Ireland 2009), the selection of local limestone used in thick panels grants strength to the building. Windows recessed or flush with the façade have grills below them to circulate fresh air throughout the building. Exposures on all sides of the building, atypical of the architecture in this city, offer panoramic views.

▼财政部办公楼，Offices for the Department of Finance ©Dennis Gilbert

“在我们这类行业的种种思潮中，我们不断致力于寻求一个立足之地，在所有我们工作的每个地点和氛围能够践行这样的价值观——例如人文、匠艺、慷慨和文化连接。为此，我们为自己本身、我们的从业实践以及我们多年来努力创造的作品能够被授予这一殊荣而感到无比喜悦。对于那些信任我们并让我们的建筑设计得以实现的客户，这个奖项也是对他们的抱负和远见的绝佳认可。”——谢莉·麦克纳马拉

“Within the ethos of a practice such as ours, we have so often struggled to find space for the implementation of such values as humanism, craft, generosity, and cultural connection with each place and context within which we work. It is therefore extremely gratifying that this recognition is bestowed upon us and our practice and upon the body of work we have managed to produce over a long number of years. It is also a wonderful recognition of the ambition and vision of the clients who commissioned us and enabled us to bring our buildings to fruition.”——Shelley McNamara

两位建筑师向来注重建筑内部和外部之间的对话，这一特点体现在公共和私人空间的融合，以及富有深意的建材选择和建材完整性上。法雷尔解释道：“我们在工作中要做到的，是了解各个群体的不同公民意识，并尝试找到一种架构来应对其中的相互重叠，从而加强彼此之间的关联。”博科尼大学（意大利米兰，2008年）在居住者和生机勃勃的城市之间建立起社区，通过一楼的公共空间（并延续至室内）及其上方遮盖的浮动顶篷，拓展到了垂直分布的校园之外，让路人与学生之间产生互动。图卢兹第一大学经济学院（法国图卢兹，2019年）的特色——砖砌支撑、坡道和庭院是这座城市的象征，城里遍布着桥梁、墙壁、长廊和石塔。北国王街住宅（爱尔兰都柏林，2000年）有意识地规避了外部设计元素，以此与邻近仓库的克制感产生呼应。

The architects are continuously conscious of the dialogue between the internal and external, evidenced by the mingling of public and private spaces, and the meaningful selection and integrity of materials. “What we try to do in our work is to be aware of the various levels of citizenship and try to find an architecture that deals with overlap, that heightens your relationship to one another,” illustrates Farrell. Universita Luigi Bocconi (Milan, Italy 2008) fosters community between its occupants and the vibrant city that extends well beyond the vertical campus through its ground floor public space, which continues indoors, and its floating canopy that overlaps the ground below, engaging passersby with students. Université Toulouse 1 Capitole, School of Economics (Toulouse, France 2019) features brick buttresses, ramps and courtyards, which are metaphors for the city filled with bridges, walls, promenades and stone towers. North King Street Housing (Dublin, Ireland 2000) is intentionally void of external design elements to resonate with the restraint of the neighboring warehouses.

▼图卢兹第一大学经济学院，Université Toulouse 1 Capitole, School of Economics ©Dennis Gilbert

“伊冯·法雷尔和谢莉·麦克纳马拉之间的合作反映了彼此对等的同业伙伴之间真正的心灵相通。她们的建筑作品展现出令人难以置信的力量，在各个方面都与本地情境密切相关，对每项委托做出差异化响应的同时，保持了作品的真诚，并通过责任感和对社区的关注超预期满足了建筑所在地的要求。”——普利兹克

“The collaboration between Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara represents a veritable interconnectedness between equal counterparts. They demonstrate incredible strength in their architecture, show deep relation to the local situation in all regards, establish different responses to each commission while maintaining the honesty of their work, and exceed the requirements of the field through responsibility and community.”——Pritzker

法雷尔和麦克纳马拉是比例运用的大师，在宏大的建筑物中也能以人的比例保持与环境的亲密感。“她们努力、并且相当成功地帮助我们所有人去克服有可能演化为人类社会的严重问题。”评审委员会主席斯蒂芬·布雷耶法官解释道：“也就是说，目前全球半数以上人口居住在城市环境中，而其中许多人负担不起奢华享受，那么我们该如何建设住房和工作场所呢？”索尔斯蒂斯艺术中心（爱尔兰纳文，2007年）波浪形的剧场地面让观众和表演者之间形成了物理空间的亲和贴近。位于帕莱索的矿业电信学院集团（法国巴黎，2019年）项目，开放空间、窗户、玻璃幕墙和开放式天花板的大量运用让自然光漏过房间前的走廊，令人们感觉光线穿透了楼宇内部大大小小相互交错的各种空间。

两人于1978年在都柏林建立了格拉夫顿建筑事务所（Grafton Architects），并一直在那里居住和从业。短短40年间，她们已经在爱尔兰、英国、法国、意大利和秘鲁等地完成了近40个项目。

法雷尔和麦克纳马拉是普利兹克奖的第47位和第48位获奖者，也是首次获奖的爱尔兰建筑师。

Farrell and McNamara have mastered proportion to maintain a human scale and achieve intimate environments within tall and vast buildings. “They have tried, with considerable success, to help us all overcome what is likely to evermore become a serious human problem,” explains Justice Stephen Breyer, Jury Chair. “Namely, how do we build housing and workplaces in a world with over half of its population dwelling in urban environments, and many of them who cannot afford luxury?” A contoured theater floor at the Solstice Arts Centre (Navan, Ireland 2007) creates a physical nearness between audience members and performers. The generous placement of open spaces, windows, glass curtain walls and exposed ceilings allows natural light to filter through a passage of rooms, creating impressions of light through large and small spaces, and within the interlocking areas that compose Institut Mines Télécom in Palaiseau (Paris, France 2019).

The pair established Grafton Architects in 1978 in Dublin, where they continue to practice and reside. In just over forty years, they have completed nearly as many projects, located in Ireland, the United Kingdom, France, Italy and Peru.

Farrell and McNamara are the 47th and 48th Laureates of the Pritzker Prize, and the first two recipients from Ireland.

▼矿业电信学院集团，Institut Mines Télécom in Palaiseau ©Alexandre Soria

评语
Jury Citation

伊冯·法雷尔和谢莉·麦克纳马拉在建筑行业并肩合作已达40年之久，她们的风格清晰地反映了普利兹克奖的宗旨：以所有的建筑作品致敬建筑艺术，为人类社会做出持续贡献。

1978年，她们在爱尔兰都柏林市共同创立了格拉夫顿建筑事务所（Grafton Architects），数十年如一日坚定不移地追求最高的建筑质量——为了将要建造的特定地点，为了其中所需容纳的功能，特别是为了那些将居住和使用建筑物和空间的人。她们的全部作品包含大量的教育类建筑、住房项目以及文化和公共机构。作为传统上（并且至今仍是）以男性为主导的职业领域中的先驱，她们在开创出模范性的专业道路的同时，也为其他人点亮了一盏明灯。

Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara have practiced architecture together for forty years in a way that clearly reflects the objectives of the Pritzker Prize: to recognize the art of architecture and consistent service to humanity as evidenced through a body of built work.

Co-founding their professional practice, called Grafton Architects, in Dublin, Ireland in 1978, they have consistently and unhesitatingly pursued the highest quality of architecture for the specific location in which it was to be built, the functions it would house and especially for the people who would inhabit and use their buildings and spaces. They have an oeuvre that includes numerous educational buildings, housing and cultural and civic institutions. Pioneers in a field that has traditionally been and still is a male-dominated profession, they are also beacons to others as they forge their exemplary professional path.

▼利马工程技术大学校园，University Campus UTEC Lima ©Iwan Baan

她们的许多建筑作品都建在她们的祖国爱尔兰，但是通过参与竞标，她们也赢得了意大利、法国和秘鲁等世界其它地方的重大项目。通过研究获得对建筑地点的深邃理解，凭借敏锐的洞悉力、开放而又总是充满好奇心的探索精神以及对文化和氛围的深刻尊重，法雷尔和麦克纳马拉能够让自己的建筑作品对周边环境乃至整个城市做出最恰如其分的回馈，同时仍然保持新鲜感和现代感。对“场所精神”的深刻理解，意味着她们的作品能够提升和改善当地社区的境况。她们的建筑就像一个个“好邻居”，力求能做出超越建筑边界本身的贡献，因而使城市的运转更加良好。她们在都柏林的北国王街住宅（2000年）就是一个例子：项目中设立了一个内部庭院，并在繁忙的街市旁营造了一处受人欢迎的休闲地带。

她们对于建筑的态度永远是诚实的，从大型结构到最小的细节，无不展示了她们对设计和建造过程的理解。在这些细节上，即便是预算适中的建筑项目，依然能够创造出巨大的影响力。例如，爱尔兰城市研究院（都柏林，2002年）采用了建筑师称之为“工艺表皮”的技术，通过改变建材选择，根据开口、折叠、对遮蔽的需要以及其它方面的考虑创造出一栋视觉上非常有趣味性的建筑。同时，她们还运用合乎常理、实践良好的环保控制方法来营造高效和可持续的建筑。在都柏林一个特别敏感的地点——财政部办公楼（2009年）的设计证明了她们在建材和建筑技术选择方面的知识和关照：她们采用了手工精心制作的青铜栏杆和大门以及砂岩石灰石外立面。

Many of their buildings are located in their home country of Ireland, but through competitions, they have won major commissions for other places around the world, such as Italy, France and Peru. With a profound understanding of place gained through their research, keen powers of observation, open and ever curious explorations and deep respect for culture and context, Farrell and McNamara are able to make their buildings respond to a setting and city most appropriately, while still being fresh and modern. This deep understanding of “spirit of place” means that their works enhance and improve the local community. Their buildings are “good neighbors” that seek to make a contribution beyond the boundaries of the building and to make a city work better. Their North King Street Housing in Dublin (2000) is one example of this: it creates an inner courtyard and a welcome respite from the adjacent busy streets.

Their approach to architecture is always honest, revealing an understanding of the processes of design and construction from large scale structures to the smallest details. It is often in these details, especially in buildings with modest budgets, where a big impact can be felt. For example, the Urban Institute of Ireland (Dublin, 2002) employs what the architects call a “crafted skin” to create a visually interesting building through changes in materials responding to openings, folds, needs for shade and other concerns. At the same time, it employs common sense, good-practice environmental control methodologies for an efficient, sustainable building. On a particularly sensitive site in Dublin, the masterful Offices for the Department of Finance (2009) attests to their knowledge and care in the selection of materials and construction techniques with a carefully handcrafted bronze railing and gate and sanded limestone on the facades.

▼爱尔兰城市研究院，Urban Institute of Ireland ©Ros Kavanagh

两位建筑师非常娴熟地成功应对了规模迥异的设计项目——从大型机构建筑到面积仅100多平方米的房屋。无需华丽或浮夸的手法，在适当的时候，她们会建造具有纪念意义的建筑，但是即便如此，她们也会进行分区和细化，形成更为私人的空间，在建筑物内部营造社区氛围。在她们的大型建筑设计中，例如秘鲁利马的工程技术大学校园（2015年）或博科尼大学（2008年），她们通过不同维度大小的空间和体量的组合，创造了最佳人体比例。她们创造了建筑物与周围环境的对话，让人们对建筑作品和所在地获得全新的欣赏视角。

The architects are skilled and successful working at many scales—from large institutional buildings to a house of only a little more than 100 square meters. Without grand or frivolous gestures, they have managed to create buildings that are monumental institutional presences when appropriate, but even so they are zoned and detailed in such a way as to produce more intimate spaces that create community within. In their large buildings such as the University Campus UTEC (2015) in Lima, Peru or the School of Economics Building (2008) at Universita Luigi Bocconi, they have achieved a human scale through the composition of spaces and volumes of different sizes. The dialogues they create between buildings and surroundings demonstrate a new appreciation of both their works and place.

▼博科尼大学，Universita Luigi Bocconi ©Federico Brunetti

作为她们一贯的风格，两位建筑师对如何设计建筑物的复杂分区了如指掌，以至于景观能够将深层内部空间与更宏大的外部空间连接起来，让自然光可以穿透进来激活建筑物深处的内部空间。通常来自天窗或高层窗户的光线会贯穿建筑物的整个内部空间，提供了温暖和视觉的欣赏效果，帮助居住者能在其中轻松确定自己的方位，并提供与外部空间的必要连接。

为了表彰她们对待建筑及创作方式永不妥协的敬业实践，对合作的坚韧信念，对同行的慷慨分享——尤其是在2018年威尼斯双年展等活动中的表现，为了她们对追求卓越建筑的长久承诺，对环境担负责任的创作态度，她们具备国际化的视野，同时对各个项目地点的独特性兼收并蓄……综上所述因由，未及悉数概括，我们把2020年普利兹克建筑奖授予伊冯·法雷尔和谢莉·麦克纳马拉。

A constant in their approach, the architects have an understanding of how to design complex sections of buildings in such a way that views connect deep interior spaces with the larger exterior realm and allow natural light to penetrate and animate spaces deep inside a building. Often light streams from skylights or upper story windows throughout the interiors of their buildings, providing warmth and visual interest, helping the inhabitants easily orient themselves in the spaces, and providing the ever necessary connection to the exterior.

For their integrity in their approach to both their buildings, as well as the way they conduct their practice, their belief in collaboration, their generosity towards their colleagues, especially as evidenced in such events as the 2018 Venice Biennale, their unceasing commitment to excellence in architecture, their responsible attitude toward the environment, their ability to be cosmopolitan while embracing the uniqueness of each place in which they work, for all these reasons and more, Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara are awarded the 2020 Pritzker Architecture Prize.

作品
Works

爱尔兰城市研究院
2002
爱尔兰都柏林
Urban Institute of Ireland
2002
Dublin, Ireland

伦敦政治经济学院
建设中
英国伦敦
London School of Economics and Political Science
Under Construction
London, United Kingdom

帕内尔广场文化中心和城市图书馆
建设中
爱尔兰都柏林
Parnell Square Cultural Quarter, City Library
Under Construction
Dublin, Ireland

金斯顿大学学习中心
2019
泰晤士河畔金斯顿，英国
Town House Building, Kingston University
Kingston upon Thames, United Kingdom

矿业与电信学院集团
2019
法国巴黎
Institut Mines Télécom
2019
Paris, France

图卢兹第一大学经济学院
2019
法国图卢兹
Université Toulouse 1 Capitole, School of Economics
2019
Toulouse, France

利马工程技术大学校园
2015
秘鲁利马
University Campus UTEC Lima
2015
Lima, Peru

利默里克大学医学院
2012
爱尔兰利默里克
Medical School, University of Limerick
2012
Limerick, Ireland

财政部办公楼
2009
爱尔兰都柏林
Offices for the Department of Finance
2009
Dublin, Ireland

博科尼大学
2008
意大利米兰
Universita Luigi Bocconi
2008
Milan, Italy

洛雷托社区学校
2006
爱尔兰米尔福德
Loreto Community School
2006
Milford, Ireland

引言（点击查看视频）：https://vimeo.com/393001751
对地球负责（点击查看视频）：https://vimeo.com/393003094
这是一场旅行（点击查看视频）：https://vimeo.com/393002804

大家如何看待本次普利兹克建筑奖获奖者伊冯·法雷尔和谢莉·麦克纳马拉？对普利兹克建筑奖又有哪些想与大家分享的想法？欢迎评论积极留言！