A new Landscape for the New Hydropower Plant Hagneck in Switzerland by Raymond Vogel Landschaften

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Appreciations towards Raymond Vogel Landschaften for providing the following description:

Raymond Vogel在瑞士比尔湖畔的Hagneck水电站改造项目中重塑了当地的景观形态，并一举夺下了2016年美国建筑奖。

Winner of American Architecture Prize 2016, Raymond Vogel Landschaften AG designed and constructed a completely new landscape around the new Hydropower Plant in Hagneck, Lake of Biel/Switzerland.

▼ 从水电站看向比尔湖，View from the hydropower plant to the Lake of Biel.

历史文脉 Historical context

通向瑞士比尔湖的Aare河是大自然中一道兼具历史与未来意义的独特景观。
130年前，Jura水系重塑行动在区域内的三个自然湖泊间开凿了数条人工水道，为临近的地区带来了肥沃的土壤。而其中的Hagneck运河则使得Aare河改道而行，并在与比尔湖的连接处形成了一个新的三角洲。
这项伟大的工程从根本上改变了区域景观形态，打造出具有国家战略意义的整体形象。

The Aare Channel at the Lake of Biel / Switzerland is a very specific landscape, historically important and forward-looking.
About 130 years ago the first Jura Water Correction brought the precondition for a new delta of the river Aare at the lake of Biel. The aim of this huge project was the gain of fertile soil around the three lakes in this area. An important part of this work was the construction of new channels, one of them is the Hagneck channel that detours the river Aare into the Lake of Biel.
The enormous efforts shaped the form of the landscape fundamentally and built an overall appearance of the locality of national importance.

▼ 改造前卫星图片，Aerial view of the site before the construction of the new hydropower plant. / 平面图。台地上的新旧水电站，鱼类溯游水道与尾水处理渠。General design plan. Old and new hydropower plants with new plateaus, new watercourses for fishes and renaturation of the tailwater channel.

设计 The Project

坐落于Hagneck三角洲的水电站掩映在起伏的群山之后，远离人烟与繁忙的交通，被葱葱绿意与宁静的湖泊所环绕。Raymond Vogel的介入设计提升了这处蔓延生长的历史文化景观的空间品质，使得这片曾经占据比尔湖历史舞台的场所能够适应当下的新需求。

Away from settlements and traffic, behind the molasse hill lays the Hagneck delta with the hydropower plant in the natural landscape. The historically significant place at the lake of Biel is now being adapted to current requirements, the old overgrown cultural landscape is being enhanced and the existing qualities taken care of.  

▼ 比尔湖水电站景观，建造阶段。New landscape around the new Hydro Power Plant on the Lake of Biel, construction phase.

▼ 模型，Plaster model

悠久的历史文脉成为了设计概念的基础。自然和景观资源被重新配置与组织以营造出公园的氛围。自然保护区、修复区、休闲区与工作区域的确立划分不同区域内人类行为的介入程度，建立起严格的空间秩序。而地形的重塑，丛林的空间只需和湖畔景观视野则成为了设计的重中之重。

This context is the foundation for the design concept. Nature and landscape are configured and structured in the sense of a landscape park. Nature protection areas, nature preservation areas, recreation areas and working areas build sequences full of suspense between extensively and intensively used and maintained environments. The main focus is on the modeling of the terrain, the spacial sequence of the woods and the views in the landscape near the lake.

▼ 平面图，等高线表示出起伏的地形。Construction project, plan with contour lines of the lower waters connected to the lake.

新建的低坝系统对比尔湖的景观产生了极为重要的影响。开阔的湖面使得湖泊中心的圣彼得岛、左侧的葡萄园和远处起伏的Chasseral山脉一览无遗，带来极强的视觉冲击力。此外景观团队希望能够通过降低水电站的高度与紧凑的空间布局削弱其对景观空间的视觉影响，建筑低伏于场地之中，完美地融入了景观。

The greater meaning of the new weir system is its influence to the landscape of the Lake of Biel. The vastness of the water surface allows a great impression of the St. Peter’s Island, the vineyards of the left lakeside and the mountain Chasseral. One goal of the competition team was the low and compact appearance of the hydropower plant. Thus the building is excellently embedded in the context of the landscape.

▼ 鱼类溯游水道，Entrance to the upstream fish migration.

▼ 鱼类溯游水道，当地植物沿着溪流生长。Watercourse for fishes. First endemic plants growing along the stream.

▼ 施工阶段。Construction of the watercourses for fishes.

这是瑞士当代设计中将位于自然之中的城市基础设施改造为休闲公园的首次尝试，也成为了在人口密集区域、国家打造景观设施的一个典范。

The project is one of the first contemporary examples in Switzerland how the landscape of infrastructure facilities is becoming a landscape park for recreation. In this way this project exemplifies the future landscape development in densely populated areas and countries.

▼ 效果图。尾水处理渠与鱼类溯游水道视角。Film still rendering of the new landscape. View to the renaturation of the tailwater channel and the watercourses for fishes.

▼ 效果图。水道旁起伏的台地。Film still rendering of the plateau in front of the new watercourses for fishes and the floodplains.

▼ 鱼类溯游水道视角。Film still rendering of the new watercourses for fishes and the floodplains. / 眺望平台视角。Film still rendering of a terrace to enjoy the view into the new floodplains.

人类与自然之间本无屏障，人类是自然的一部分。但有时，人类却会自发地在其中树立起屏障。

这同样也是项目背后的设计团队所秉持的态度，对自然的尊重与谨慎在设计中展露无遗。生活质量并不取决于时间或金钱，当人们活在当下，敞开胸怀，亲近自然时，生活质量便自然而然地实现了。景观设计之精妙便在于解放人类与自然亲近的天性，找寻到归属感。而如此以来，关怀自然也将成为人类自然行为的一种。

There is no separation between man and nature, as man is a part of nature. Sometimes, human beings use their free will to choose separation from nature.

This is the attitude behind this project, reflected in the respectful and sensitive design of the new landscape. Life quality is not a «time-and-money-thing», Life quality is always present when we as human beings stay present, with open senses and realizing the connection. The art of Landscape Architecture is to design landscapes that support revealing the human naturalness of being connected, that support the memory of being at home on this planet. Like this, taking care for nature becomes a completely natural part of human behavior.

▼ 地形三维模型。3D model showing earthworks and leveling for the renaturation of the tailwater channel.

▼ 步道与眺望点示意图。Cadastral plan of the site with new visitors’ route and new viewpoints.

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