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加泰罗尼亚国家艺术博物馆(MNAC)正在举办一场关于Francesc d’Assís Galí(1880–1965)的重量级展览。这位艺术家正是帕劳国家宫穹顶画作的创作者,也是20世纪上半叶加泰罗尼亚艺术界最杰出的代表人物之一。Galí与庞培·法布拉(Pompeu Fabra)同时期受训,在Noucentisme(“新百年主义”)运动中革新了艺术教学法,创办了自己的美术学校,培养了一代艺术家,其中最为人熟知的包括胡安·米罗(Joan Miró)与洛伦斯·阿尔蒂加斯(Llorens Artigas)。
The National Art Museum of Catalonia is opening an important exhibition on Francesc d’Assís Galí (1880–1965), the artist behind the paintings of the dome that crowns the Palau Nacional. Galí was one of the most prominent figures in Catalan art in the first half of the 20th century. Trained alongside Pompeu Fabra, he renewed art pedagogy during the Noucentisme movement, becoming the teacher of an entire generation of artists through his Art School, where he trained, among others, Joan Miró and Llorens Artigas.
▼项目概览,Overall of the project © Eugeni Bach
Galí一生涉猎广泛,身兼画家、素描家、壁画家、海报设计师与插画师等多重身份。他最为瞩目的作品,是帕劳国家宫中央穹顶的巨幅壁画——35位寓言性人物象征着美术、科学、宗教与大地。为了完成这幅作品,Galí在30米高、条件简陋的脚手架上工作了半年之久。
Galí also developed a prolific artistic career as a painter, draftsman, muralist, poster artist, and illustrator. His most notable work was the large mural on the central dome of the Palau Nacional, in which he depicted 35 allegorical figures representing the Fine Arts, Science, Religion, and the Earth. To paint it, Galí spent more than half a year on a precarious scaffold thirty meters high.
▼项目位于加泰罗尼亚国家艺术博物馆(MNAC)中庭,
The project located in the atrium of The National Art Museum of Catalonia © Eugeni Bach
西班牙内战的爆发中断了Galí的艺术生涯。作为西班牙共和国美术总局局长,他负责组织普拉多博物馆的艺术藏品向边境转移(1938年)。战争迫使他流亡海外,在伦敦度过了十余年。为庆祝此次意义非凡的展览,MNAC特别邀请Anna & Eugeni Bach创作一件特定场域的装置作品,以致敬Galí的穹顶壁画。
The Spanish Civil War cut short Galí’s career. As Director General of Fine Arts of the Spanish Republic, he was one of those responsible for moving the works of the Prado Museum to the border in 1938. He too was forced into exile, which he spent over ten years in London. To celebrate this important exhibition for the museum, the MNAC has commissioned Anna & Eugeni Bach to create a specific piece that highlights the paintings of the dome.
▼装置呈现为一个直径12米的圆环,
The crown consists of a twelve-meter-diameter ring © Eugeni Bach
这件作品名为《万象之冠》(Crown of Eyes),是对Galí教育理念的象征性礼赞。在他与学生前往蒙特塞尼山(Montseny)写生时,常会要求他们不带任何工具,只“头戴一顶由双眼组成的王冠”前行。通过这种方式,Galí鼓励学生以敏锐目光观察自然,在心中筛选最本质的元素,方可转化为艺术语言。
The piece, “Crown of Eyes,” is a symbolic tribute to one of Francesc d’A. Galí’s educational principles: during excursions to the Montseny Mountains with his students, he asked them not to bring tools but to go only “armed with a crown of eyes on their heads.” With this exercise, Galí encouraged his students to observe nature attentively and to select the most important elements before incorporating them into their artwork.
▼整体构造采用深蓝色,
The entire structure is rendered in a deep blue © Eugeni Bach
▼细部,details © Eugeni Bach
该装置呈现为一个直径12米的圆环,嵌有16枚“眼睛”徽章,对应着支撑穹顶的16根柱子。王冠高悬于6米之上,轻盈脆弱,仿佛Galí当年在高空作画时的脚手架。整体构造采用深蓝色,呼应穹顶最高处的天空色调。这不仅是一件空间装置,更是一顶向凝视与观察致敬的王冠。
The crown consists of a twelve-meter-diameter ring containing sixteen medallions /eyes, referencing the sixteen columns of the hall that support Galí’s dome. The crown floats six meters high, fragilely, just like Galí’s scaffold during the half-year he spent painting the murals. The entire structure is rendered in a deep blue, echoing the sky of the dome at its highest point.
▼仰视装置与穹顶,looking up to the installation and the ceiling © Eugeni Bach
▼手绘图,sketch © Eugeni Bach
▼平面图,plan © Eugeni Bach
▼剖面图,section © Eugeni Bach
Authors: Anna & Eugeni Bach / Anna Bach, Eugeni Bach with Artur Muñoz and Virginia Mars.
Collaborators: Roger Molas, Claudia Senovilla, architects. Nacho Costales / Best (structural engineer), Ramon Cisa / BetArq (quantity surveyor).
Date of completion: May 2025
Address: MNAC / Museu Nacional d’Art de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.
Photographs: Eugeni Bach
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