“这是一个宏伟的愿景与卓越的公园项目。设计出色地实现了历史与当下的衔接，为这一历史景观在21世纪的休闲文化语境中焕发新生，树立了引领典范。该公园位列美国十大最佳城市公园之一，本次获奖实至名归。”
– 2025年评审委员会“What a grand vision and grand park. Beautifully done to connect the past to the present. An extraordinary example of guiding the next generation of a historic landscape into the 21st century culture of recreation. The park stands out among the top 10 best urban parks in our country, and this award is a well-deserved honor.”
– 2025 Awards Jury
来自 ASLA 对 gooood的分享。
Restoring the Glory, the Restoration of Forest Park | HOK
项目陈述
PROJECT STATEMENT
森林公园占地约1370英亩，是美国规模最大的城市公园之一，也是圣路易斯最重要的城市公共资产之一。公园曾承办1904年世界博览会等重要历史事件。然而，由于20世纪70至80年代资金不足、维护长期滞后，公园的功能逐渐退化，安全性也随之下降。2000年，非营利机构FPF（Forest Park Forever）委托设计团队，对公园内部分最具代表性的地标进行修复，以迎接世博会百年纪念。修复工作在更新服务设施的同时，重建自然生态系统，并重新建立游客与这一深受喜爱的公共空间之间的联系。如今，森林公园已焕然新生，成为全美最具声誉、游客量最高的城市公园之一。
Forest Park, at 1,370 acres, is one of the largest urban parks in the U.S. The park is one of St. Louis’ greatest civic treasures and has been the site of events such as the 1904 World’s Fair. However, due to limited funding and deferred maintenance during the 1970’s and 80’s, the park became less functional and unsafe. In 2000, the nonprofit conservancy Forest Park Forever (FPF) engaged the design team to restore some of the park’s most iconic landmarks in preparation of the 100th anniversary of the Fair. The restoration modernized amenities, reintroduced natural systems and reconnected visitors to the magic of this beloved public space. Today, Forest Park proudly stands as one of America’s most celebrated and well-visited urban parks.
▲森林公园长期承载着城市的重要历史记忆与市民生活，其中包括1904年世界博览会等重大事件，这些历史在卡斯·吉尔伯特的总体规划中得到充分体现。Forest Park has long served as the site of historic events and beloved pastimes such as the 1904 World’s Fair reflected in Cass Gilberts plan. © Forest Park Forever
项目说明
PROJECT NARRATIVE
根据FPF机构于1995年委托编制的总体规划，各项工程按照阶段性时间表推进，以确保多个重点区域能够在2004年世博会百年纪念前完成修复。
艾默生大水池：经典愿景的重现
在1904年世博会规划中，建筑师卡斯·吉尔伯特将大水池设想为一处形式严谨的水景空间，周围环绕临时宫殿建筑与大型雕塑。到20世纪80年代，水池已严重淤积并出现渗漏，水质恶化，甚至带来公共健康隐患。
在景观设计师的主导下，设计团队着手恢复水池及周边空间的宏伟格局。更新后的水池采用新的预制结构池壁，并增设码头平台、观景阳台、眺望点、林荫步道以及夜间照明喷泉，在满足现代使用需求的同时，呼应吉尔伯特最初的设计构想。
波斯特-迪斯帕奇湖：自然的回归
森林公园建立之前，佩雷斯河曾流经现今的公园区域。为筹备世博会，这条河道被排干并改造为展览用地。此次修复在原有河道走向基础上重建了一条新的水系。虽然未能恢复原河流本体，但新水道承担了重要的雨洪调蓄与生态栖息功能，弥补了历史开发造成的生态缺失。
水系与大水池相连，以扩大蓄洪能力，并提供划船、垂钓和冬季滑冰等休闲活动空间。大面积草坪与外来树种被移除，河岸区域恢复为本土滨水生境。场地中设置岩石露头以强化自然景观特征，并通过溢流口高程控制水流，形成稳定的水生空间。
景观种植恢复了原有的林地、草原、滨岸与水生生态系统。湖中新增两座可供野餐使用的岛屿，并设置新的亲水沙滩，大幅提升野生动物栖息条件。新的步道系统贯穿场地，并与公园整体慢行网络相衔接。
政府山与世博会纪念亭：重现空间秩序与仪式感
在大水池和波斯特-迪斯帕奇湖修复完成后，基金会进一步委托设计团队对政府山及世博会纪念亭区域进行更新。该区域原有喷泉破败失修，与公园整体状况类似，长期缺乏维护。
修复工作依据总体规划，延续山体的空间气势，并保留纪念亭与湖面之间的轴线关系。通过土壤改良与景观重塑，强化场地的秩序感与尺度层次。原有破损的台阶与步道被替换为符合无障碍标准的通行系统，并优化了步行连接。
设计团队还重新打造了一处新的轴线喷泉，以替代原有无法运行的设施。新喷泉以层叠水景与标志性主喷为特色，强化空间的视觉焦点。如今，政府山已成为公园最受欢迎的场地之一，常用于婚礼、市民活动，并承办一年一度的森林公园热气球节。
今日与未来的森林公园
森林公园的整体修复已成为城市更新与历史景观保护的典范，获得广泛的国家级认可。公园年接待游客超过1500万人次，目前位列全美第六大最受欢迎城市公园，并在《今日美国》读者评选中连续两年获评“最佳城市公园”。
如今，森林公园不仅是全国知名的公共目的地，更成为城市与区域共同的骄傲，并将在未来持续服务公众、延续价值。
▲本项目作为圣路易斯市政府与Forest Park Forever于1995年联合制定的《森林公园总体规划》的实施内容之一，由设计团队负责推进。The project team was engaged as part of the implementation of the City of St. Louis and Forest Park Forever’s 1995 Forest Park Master Plan. © Forest Park Forever
▲景观修复重点针对三个相互联系的区域，这些区域被视为“公园的心脏”。The landscape restoration addressed three connected areas known as “the heart of the park.” © Forest Park Forever
▲设计团队对水池进行清淤与更新，恢复停滞水体的活力，更换破损池壁，修复步行系统，并新增八组夜间照明喷泉。The team dredged and revitalized the Basin’s stagnated water, replaced crumbling walls, restored walkways and added eight beautifully lit fountains. © Forest Park Forever
▲观景平台、船只停靠点和林荫滨水步道在再现吉尔伯特经典空间构想的同时，强化了人与水体之间的联系。Overlooks, boat landings, and tree-lined promenades replicate Cass Gilbert’s classic vision and enhance the relationship to the water. © Forest Park Forever
▲在延续历史设计格局的基础上，修复工程同步更新了滨水设施，并显著提升了无障碍可达性。While replicating the classic Gilbert design, the restoration modernized waterfront amenities and enhanced accessibility. © Forest Park Forever
▲无论是举办大型活动，还是供市民日常漫步休闲，大水池区域都能够灵活承载各类使用需求，包括著名的热气球灯光秀活动。Frequented by large events or those enjoying a casual stroll, the basin can accommodate all including the famous Balloon Glow. © Forest Park Forever
▲波斯特-迪斯帕奇湖的修复改善了水质与雨洪管理能力，同时恢复了本土滨岸生态系统。The Post-Dispatch Lake restoration improved water quality and stormwater management while reestablishing the native riparian landscape. © Forest Park Forever
▲扩展后的水域营造出宁静的田园式环境，为划船、步行等亲近自然的活动提供理想场所。The expanded waterbody creates a bucolic setting for communing with nature while boating or walking. © Forest Park Forever
▲修复工程新建了两座岛屿，用于野餐与静态休闲活动，并通过新增步道系统将其与环湖各节点相连。The restoration created two new islands picnicking and passive activities. Featuring new trails, the islands connect destinations around the lake. © Forest Park Forever
▲修复后的政府山与世博会纪念亭形成清晰的景观轴线关系，整体布局强化了山体的仪式性与秩序感。A view of the restored Government Hill and World’s Fair Pavilion. The formal arrangement of landscape emphasizes the hills axial character. © Forest Park Forever
▲跑步者沿着修复后的新古典风格台阶前行，穿过新种植的山坡景观，通往世博会纪念亭。Runners approach the restored classical revival stairway and new hillside plantings leading to World’s Fair Pavilion. © Peter Wilson
▲原先无法运行的喷泉被重新设计为具有层叠水景效果的轴线喷泉，并设置标志性主喷，强化空间中心性。Replacing the original non-functioning fountain with dramatic cascades and a signature fountain jet in line with the axis. © Peter Wilson; Forest Park Forever (insert)
▲修复后的山体瀑布成为景观的自然延伸，在阳光明媚的午后已成为深受欢迎的停留节点。The restored hillside waterfall creates an inviting, natural extension of the landscape and has become a popular destination on sunny afternoons. © Forest Park Forever
▲俯瞰波斯特-迪斯帕奇湖的连绵坡地在冬季依然景致宜人，覆雪的本土草地展现出四季皆美的景观特质。With rolling views down to Post-Dispatch Lake and snow-covered native grasses, Government Hill retains its beauty through the winter. © Forest Park Forever
▲作为美国访问量最高的城市公园之一，森林公园在《今日美国》读者评选中多次荣获“最佳城市公园”称号。One of the most visited urban parks in the U.S., Forest Park has been repeatedly recognized as the Best City Park by USA Today Readers’ Choice polls. © Forest Park Forever
PROJECT NARRATIVE
Based on a 1995 Master Plan commissioned by Forest Park Forever, projects were then funded in a timeline that allowed restoration of multiple spaces prior to the 100th anniversary in 2004.
Emerson Grand Basin: A Classic Vision, Restored
Architect Cass Gilbert’s original vision for the 1904 Fair positioned the Grand Basin as a formal body of water surrounded by plaster palaces and large sculptures. By the 1980’s, the basin had become silted in, leaked, and water quality became a health hazard.
The design team, led by the landscape architect, set out to restore the grandeur of the basin and surrounding park space. The basin was renovated and modernized with new precast walls, boat landings, balconies, overlooks, tree-lined promenades, and beautifully lit fountains that match Gilbert’s original vision.
Post-Dispatch Lake: Nature Returns
Prior to the creation of Forest Park, the River des Peres flowed through land that is now parkland. Unfortunately, the river was drained and converted to exposition space for the Fair. The restoration created a new waterway reminiscent of the original river alignment. Although the waterway doesn’t bring the river back, it does provide important storm water management and habitat functions that had been erased. The waterway was connected to Grand Basin to expand storm storage capacities and provide recreational opportunities like boating, fishing, and skating. Vast areas of turf grass and non-native tree species were removed, and the waterway was returned to native riparian habitat.
Stone outcroppings enhance the site’s naturalistic character and spillway elevations were set to attenuate flow to create aquatic pools. Landscape plantings restored the original woodlands, prairie, riparian, and aquatic habitats. Within Post-Dispatch Lake, two new islands were created for picnicking, a new beach was established, and wildlife habitat was vastly improved. A new path system weaves through the area and connects to a larger park pathway system.
Government Hill/World’s Fair Pavilion: Showcasing Splendor
Following the successful renovations of Grand Basin and Post-Dispatch Lake, FPF engaged the design team to restore Government Hill and the World’s Fair Pavilion. Government Hill was the site of a dilapidated fountain and like the rest of the park, was suffering from years of neglect. As outlined by the Master Plan, the grandness of the hillside and the axial relationship of the Pavilion and Post-Dispatch Lake was respected. The restoration included soil improvements and landscape was designed to emphasize formality and introduce scale.
Deteriorated staircases and pathways were replaced with ADA-accessible routes and enhanced pedestrian connections. The team also designed a new fountain to replace the then non-functioning original fountain. The new design includes dramatic cascades and a signature fountain jet in line with the axis. Today, Government Hill is one of the park’s most popular sites for weddings, civic gatherings, and host the annual Forest Park Balloon Race.
Forest Park, Today and Forever
The restoration of Forest Park is a success story that has been recognized nationally. With over 15 million visitors annually, the park is the sixth most visited urban park in the U.S. and was recently named the best city park in USA Today’s readers’ choice awards for the second consecutive year. The park continues to be recognized as a national destination and the pride of its city and region.
人与自然结合得很好
DK
越简单越好