感谢 Philippe Rahm architectes 予gooood分享以下内容。
Appreciations towards Philippe Rahm architectes for providing the following description:
台中中央公园坐落于台中市中心的西北方，拥有67公顷的腹地，此基地前身是一个废弃已久的水湳机场。位址于256公顷的房地产发展重镇的中心，台中中央公园拥有一万两千棵树，是这个区域的自然核心。透过本身的地形样貌，公园的小山谷扮演着重要的储水池与下雨时的地表海绵，避免淹水与水系统的过载。
The Central Park is a new 67-hectare public park built on the abandoned site of a former airport northwest of the centre of Taichung, a city of 3 million people in central Taiwan. The park is at the heart of a new 256-hectare real estate development. It is a core of nature, planted with nearly 12,000 trees. Due to its topography, its valleys acting as retention basins, it also acts as a sponge for all the rainwater in the new district, preventing flooding and overloading the network.
▼项目概览，overall of the project ©Philippe Rahm architectes
台中拥有炎热、潮湿和受污染的热带气候，公园的目标即是提供更凉爽、干燥和较少污染的地方。公园的前期配置策略是基于气候、地图学，以及不同程度的温度、湿度以及污染程度而设计的，就像三个独立的切面被摆放在公园上，透过自相叠加，创造不同的微气候进而表现多样的区域性格，提供公园丰富的美感与多元的使用。
Taichung has a hot, humid and polluted tropical climate. The ambition of the park is to offer cooler, drier and less polluted places. The formal strategy of composition of the masterplan is based on climate, on a cartography and design of the variations of heat, humidity and air pollution, like three independent layers which, by superimposing themselves, invent a multitude of microclimates as so many variations of characters, ambiences, giving the aesthetic richness and the diversity of use of the park.
▼气候分析图，Heat map on site ©Philippe Rahm architectes
树木与植栽、土壤的分配以及使用机能都是由气候所决定。在面向北风的区域，我们增加更多树木以创造树荫，透过这个方式增进凉爽舒适的感受，土壤充满蒸发中的草与高反照率以增进凉爽；我们在较干燥的区域加入更多浮根的树木，以避免他们的湿气与土壤被干燥的其他土壤吸走；在远离道路的区域，我们增加多毛叶子的树木数量，以减少空气污染。
▼公园局部鸟瞰，bird’s eye view of the park and architecture ©Philippe Rahm architectes
The choice of the location of the trees and their species, the nature of the soils, the program, are guided by the climate. Thus, in the coolest places naturally because they are the most exposed to the cold north wind, we amplify the forest cover to create shade, thus doubling their freshness. The soils are rich in evaporating grasses or high albedo to amplify the coolness. In locations farthest from humidity sources, we amplify trees with floating roots to reduce their moisture content and the soils are chosen to be particularly draining. In areas far from roads, we increase the number of trees with hairy leaves to reduce air pollution. The programme follows the climate: the less polluted areas are used for children’s games, the drier areas for sports activities and the cooler areas for various leisure programmes.
▼气候大厅，Climatorium ©Philippe Rahm architectes
▼气候大厅立面，facade of the Climatorium ©Philippe Rahm architectes
▼室内概览，interior of the dryium ©Philippe Rahm architectes
由于我们是以气候来定义区域，所以最凉爽的区域我们称为 Coolias；最干燥的区域称为Dryias；最不受污染的区域称为Clearias，并且是由该区域内的主要树种来决定最不受污染的区域 位置。树木的种植遵循配置与密度的等级，从开放的草地到浓密的树林，透过这样的控制来增进凉爽、干燥与减少污染程度的效 果。使用机能也按照气候而配置，越少污染的区域是给予儿童游戏使用的，越干燥的区域作为运动使用区域，越凉爽的地方作为多元的休闲活动使用。公园内10,000平方公尺的太阳能光电板就像是凉亭一样，从北到南一路配置，产生公园内的所有能量，并达到碳中和。
▼三种区域模式：最凉爽的区域Coolias；最干燥的区域Dryias；最不受污染的区域Clearias，
Three zone modes: Coolias, the coolest zone; Dryias, the driest zone; Clearias, the least polluted zone ©Philippe Rahm architectes
The identity of the places comes from the microclimates created. Thus the coolest places are called Coolias, the driest Dryias and the least polluted Clearias, which are distinguished by the predominance of a tree species. Tree planting follows a graded order of composition, from open field to dense forest, gradually amplifying the cooling, drying and depollution effects. 10,000 m2 of photovoltaic panels placed like canopies above the park to the north and south, produce all the energy used in the park, which is thus totally carbon neutral.
▼公园内10,000平方公尺的太阳能光电板，10,000 m2 of photovoltaic panels placed in the park ©Philippe Rahm architectes
公园内的路径就像是等温线一样遵循气候，凉爽的路线连接所有较凉爽的区域；干燥的路径连接干燥的区域；较干净的路线连接较少污染的区域。公园内每50公尺配置了一支热度、湿度与空气污染的感应测量器，侦测的资料会被图表记录并及时显示手机上，可以让使用者看到公园内的气候，并导引他们到适合他们的位置活动。
Paths follow the climate like isothermal lines. The Cool Path connects all the cooler parts of the park, the Dry Path the drier parts and the Clear Path the least polluted parts. Sensors measuring heat, humidity and air pollution are placed every 50 metres. The data is then transcribed in the form of a map in real time, accessible on a smartphone, showing the variations in climatic values throughout the park, making it possible to guide walkers.
▼太阳能光电板凉亭区域，Solar photovoltaic panel gazebo area ©Philippe Rahm architectes
▼太阳能光电板为游人提供了凉爽宜人的环境，
Solar photovoltaic panels provide visitors with a cool and pleasant environment ©Philippe Rahm architectes
夜间灯光因为保护公园内动物的昼夜节律，当使用者渐渐远离灯光的区域，灯光颜色会由白光渐渐转为橘光。我们致力于提供台中市民一个舒适的自然环境，并鼓励他们 从事户外活动，多元的微气候让他们可以一年十二个月都可以 使用公园，不管是较凉爽或是较炎热的区域，都开放给予使用。
▼喷雾设备的蒸发降温原理示意图，diagram of the stratus cloud system ©Philippe Rahm architectes
Night lighting is dimmed as one moves further away from the roads and gradually shifts from white to orange to preserve the circadian biological cycles of the animals. Our intention is to offer the inhabitants of Taichung a comfortable natural place, encouraging outdoor activities, and the diversity of microclimates allows for use during the 12 months of the year and at any time of the day, between very hot and colder parts, open to everyone’s free will.
▼气候控制系统与休闲空间的结合，Combination of climate control system and leisure space ©Philippe Rahm architectes
▼橘色光晕中的公园气候控制设备，Park climate control equipment in orange halo ©Philippe Rahm architectes
▼微气候平面图，microclimate on site ©Philippe Rahm architectes
▼气候设备细部节点，detail design of stratus cloud and anticyclone ©Philippe Rahm architectes
文：Philippe Rahm architects
详细作品前期规划资料可详《台湾建筑》杂志2018年11月号， Vol. 278
Name of the project: Central Park, 台中中央公園 (Previous names of the project: Taichung Gateway Park, Phase Shift Park, Jade Eco Park, Jade Meteo Park, Gateway)
Location: Taichung, Taiwan
Xitun District
24°11’06.8 “N 120°39’12.2 “E
Authors of the Project: Philippe Rahm architectees, Mosbach landscape architects, Ricky Liu & Associates
Lead Architects: Philippe Rahm, Catherine Mosbach, Ricky Liu
Date: 2011-2018.
First prize of the International competition in 2011
Preliminary design completed in December 2012
Detailed design completed in June 2013
Tender design completed in December 2013
Construction starts in January 2014
completion in April 2020
structure: Böllinger & Grohmann
climate: Transsolar
landscape: Atelier LD
computer: fabric.ch
structure: 築遠工程顧問有限公司
climate: 玉堡冷凍空調工業技師事務所
landscape: 弘電工程顧問股份有限公司
Photo Credits: Philippe Rahm architectes / yr_shine
