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2018年至2020年，事务所Studio Capitanio Architetti和Osa Architettura e Paesaggio代表贝加莫市对Alpini广场进行了改造。该广场是当地公共空间改造工作的核心，它代表了处于城市更新期的贝加莫市。这个预算有限的项目恢复了城市最大的开放空间的尺度，缓解了长期影响这一中心区域的社会问题，即经常来这里的都是社会边缘人，匆忙的路人对此却漠不关心。
The redevelopment of Piazza degli Alpini was carried out by Studio Capitanio Architetti and Osa Architettura e Paesaggio on behalf of Bergamo Municipality between 2018 and 2020. It is at the centre of the redevelopment of public spaces, which defines the city in a period of urban regeneration. This limited budget project recovered the collective dimension of the largest open space in the city mitigating the long-standing social issues that affected this central area, which was frequented by individuals at the margin of society and indifferent passers-by hurrying along.
▼项目鸟瞰，aerial view © Stefano Tacchinardi
设计师将新广场设计成宽阔的、畅通无阻的区域，建立了新的城市归属感。开放空间、安全性和自由视野使这里可以进行城市集体活动，如举办大型活动、开设露天电影院、举行临时展览和当地市集等。广场的开阔视野吸引了路人，提高了该区域的舒适度、安全性和管理水平。
The new square is imagined as a wide, freely accessible expanse able to re-establish for this space a new sense of belonging to the city. Open spaces and safe, free views that allow the enactment of new collective urban behaviours such as events, open-air cinemas, temporary displays and local markets. The global view of the square invites the interest of the passers-by, it increases comfort, security and control.
▼宽阔的、畅通无阻的区域，wide, freely accessible expanse © Stefano Tacchinardi
▼广场中的纪念碑，the monument in the square © Stefano Tacchinardi
▼近景，closer view © Stefano Tacchinardi
设计师通过精心布置的坡道和阶梯解决了广场两侧的高度差，将游客引向广场中心而非边缘。这些建筑元素限定了空间，呼应了现已被填埋的Roggia Nuova和Roggia Morlana两条运河的线路。来自附近学校和火车站的人流对空间的再生起到重要作用，设计师邀请他们全天在广场上穿行，其中还包括残障人士。设计师将广场的地面定义为城市地毯，交替的抛光混凝土和裸露混凝土界面加强了矿物土，突出了来自Orobic地区砾石场的骨料。这种材料十分粗犷，经过精细的设计，中间穿插金属接头和线性裂缝，用于收集雨水。
▼基地分析，site diagram © Studio Capitanio Architetti + OSA architettura e paesaggio
To direct visitors towards the centre of the square rather than the margins, the difference in levels towards the sides of the square is overcome using a careful compositional arrangement that creates a ramp and stairs. These architectural elements qualify the space recalling the diagonal generated by the original course of two canals now interred, Roggia Nuova and Roggia Morlana. The flow of pedestrian traffic, generated in the main by a number of nearby schools and the railway station, took a central role in the regeneration of the space and were investigated to invite constant movement across the square throughout the day, including access to users with a disability. Paving is defined as an urban carpet, a Terre minéral, enhanced by alternating sections in polished and exposed concrete, that highlights the aggregates from local gravel quarries in the Orobic region. The “brutal” character of the material is accompanied by the fine geometrical design of the paving interspersed with metal joints and linear fissures for the collection of rainwater.
▼交替的抛光混凝土和裸露混凝土界面，alternating sections in polished and exposed concrete © Stefano Tacchinardi
▼阶梯平衡高差，the stairs balance the height difference © Stefano Tacchinardi
树木在广场上起到引导、保护和装饰的作用。百年老树构成了古朴茂盛的植被层，它们最早可以追溯至1920年代。其中，几棵银杏树引人注目，它们是起源于约2.5亿年前二叠纪的活化石。美丽的银杏树叶装点了秋日，一落下，路面便布满金黄。为了展示这些伟大而珍贵的历史树木，设计师将一些树龄较低的样本移至其他公园。在地面处，树木界定了圆形花坛的位置，花坛则勾勒出树冠的投影，共享长椅间隔地围绕着花坛设置。
The trees are directors, custodians and great actors in the square. The vegetation, ancient and luxuriant, is defined by century-old trees, imposing specimens that go back to the 1920s. Among them, several Ginko Biloba stand out, living fossils that find their origin in the Permian period, approximately 250 million years ago. Their beautiful bilobed leaves paint autumn days and, once fallen, the pavement with their intense yellow. To showcase the great and prized historic trees, some younger specimens were moved to other parks in the city. At ground level, the trees define circular flower beds describing the projections of their crowns. These are at times embraced by original-design benches made to be shared.
▼突显的银杏树，prominent Ginko Biloba © Stefano Tacchinardi
▼圆形花坛，circular flower beds © Stefano Tacchinardi
▼共享长椅，shared bench © Stefano Tacchinardi
“通过对项目位置和用途的分析，我们将新广场设想成建筑，它不规定市民的活动，而是使他们以不可预知的方式与广场互动，在发展中保持集体的尺度、相遇和社交。”—Remo Capitanio
“我们通过创新的、技术性的方案来控制预算，大幅度地节约了成本。在每平米120欧的有限预算内打造城市中心优质公共空间，使该空间适合日常使用和举办活动、覆盖植被、具有公共照明和设施、可以长期使用并便于维护，对我们来说是挑战和冒险。项目使用的材料并不贵重，而是其使用方式赋予了它们价值。”—OSA architecture
“The analysis of location and use within this project have led to envisage the new Piazza Alpini as architecture that does not instruct a behaviour but one that enables the citizens to interact with it in unpredictable ways in constant evolution to maintain a collective dimension, to meet and socialise.” Remo Capitanio.
“Attention to the budget through innovative, technical solutions allowed to contain costs considerably. Creating a quality public space in an urban centre, a space which is adaptable to uses and behaviours, animated by vegetation, provided with public lighting, utilities and plants, long-lasting and low maintenance, for120€/sqm was a challenge and a gamble. The materials used weren’t valuable; it is the way they were used that gave them value”. OSA architecture
▼公共照明下的夜景，lighting scenes © Stefano Tacchinardi
该项目历时两年，经过各方合作开发和完成，其中包括当地城市企业组织、国家企业协会、学校、科学信息中心、环境保护协会、艺术和环境保护协会以及当地居民协会。
The project, developed and completed over the period of two years, was shaped by a cooperative reflection involving all the main stakeholders, such as Distretto Unico del Commercio (local urban enterprise organisation), Confesercenti (national enterprise association), schools, Associazione Bergamo Scienze (scientific information centre), Legambiente (environmental protection association), Italia Nostra (arts and environment protection association) and local residents associations.
▼细部，details © Stefano Tacchinardi
▼区位鸟瞰，location aerial view © Studio Capitanio Architetti + OSA architettura e paesaggio
▼模型，models © Studio Capitanio Architetti + OSA architettura e paesaggio
▼轴测图，axonometry © Studio Capitanio Architetti + OSA architettura e paesaggio
▼总平面图，site plan © Studio Capitanio Architetti + OSA architettura e paesaggio
Year: 2018/2020
Time: 8 months
Site: 13.000 sqm
Location: Bergamo, Italy
Type: architecture / urban landscape / urban refurbishment
Client: Comune di Bergamo
Project Team: Remo Capitanio – Studio Capitanio Architetti, Massimo Acito – OSA architettura e paesaggio, Luca Catalano – OSA architettura e paesaggio
Design Team: Martina Brambati, Ilaria Ambrosini, Giacomo Gasbarri, Valentina Peluso, Sergio Moro
Model: Studio Capitanio Architetti
Photo: Stefano Tacchinardi
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