MAD Unveils Jiaxing’s “Train Station in the Forest”

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“ 中国的火车站一个比一个大，像城市中一个个高大的宫殿，人在其中却感到非常渺小，周边通常是大马路、高架桥、和没有人去的大广场。我想，城市中的火车站有没有可能不追求宏大的纪念性，而具有优美的环境，舒适宜人的尺度，和便捷、人性的交通与城市功能？成为让人们不只是奔波，而是愿意停留、放松的城市公共空间？”

China’s train stations are competing to be bigger than one another. Standing tall in the city like grand palaces, they are surrounded by large main roads, imposing viaducts, and often empty plazas. Rather than this pursuit of grand, monumental architecture, is it possible for urban train stations to create their own beautiful environment, with comfortable scales, and a blend of transport and urban functions that are both efficient and humane? Is it possible for train stations to be more than a stopover for travelers, but an urban public space that people can enjoy?

—— 马岩松 Ma Yansong

▼视频，video ©MAD

马岩松带领的MAD建筑事务所主持设计了嘉兴“森林中的火车站”。项目于2019年底开工，目前正24小时加紧建造中，预计将于今年7月1日前竣工。1921年，中共一大会议继上海后在嘉兴南湖的一条红船上继续举行并胜利闭幕，并最终宣告中国共产党的诞生。嘉兴火车站是见证这一历史时刻的重要节点，此次改造工程是迎接建党一百周年的重要项目之一。

Led by Ma Yansong, MAD Architects unveils their design for Jiaxing’s “Train Station in the Forest.” Having begun construction at the end of 2019, the project is expected to be completed by July 1st. 2021.

▼项目由北向南鸟瞰效果图，city birdview from north to south ©MAD

项目位于浙江省嘉兴市中心城区。被称为“丝绸之府、鱼米之乡”的嘉兴市东邻上海、西靠杭州、北依苏州。火车站所在的南湖区为嘉兴市的主城区、老城市中心，是嘉兴历史最为悠久的辖区之一。MAD负责规划和改造设计的片区占地面积35.4公顷，包含嘉兴火车站、车站南北广场以及“人民公园”。改造前的火车站已达到吞吐量上限；周边片区交通混乱、配套不完善、公共设施短缺等一系列问题导致火车站周边发展受阻、产业结构低端。

The train station is situated in the center of Jiaxing, an interconnected city in southeast China close to Shanghai, Hangzhou, and Suzhou. A key city for several major industries, Jiaxing is referred to as the “home of silk” and the “land of milk and honey.” In 1921, the First Party Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in Jiaxing, which led to the founding of the Party. The project brief covers an area of 35.4 hectares, encompassing Jiaxing Train Station, the plazas to the north and south, and a renovation of the adjacent People’s Park. Before the renovation, the existing station had reached its maximum capacity. In addition, the disorder of the surrounding transportation system and a deficient supporting infrastructure had led to a decline in the area surrounding the station.

▼项目由南向北鸟瞰效果图，birdview from south to north ©MAD

MAD的方案充分考虑嘉兴的历史和人文特点：遵循历史资料对老站房进行1:1复原；主要交通和商业功能收置于地下，新站房引入自然光，明亮高效，尺度宜人舒适；地面腾出大量的公共空间，将自然还给市民和旅客，给嘉兴带来一个绿色的城市中心，一个“森林中的火车站”。嘉兴市市委书记张兵说：“希望通过这个项目，体现对历史的敬畏，对重现“一大路”的历史担当；展示对未来发展特别是以人为本、绿色发展理念的思考和实践。”

Drawing inspiration from Jiaxing’s historic and cultural contexts, MAD’s proposal includes a 1:1 rebuilding of the historic station building derived from archival studies, while creating a new train station underground. The new station will be bright, efficient, and human-scaled, with a flood of natural light to create a friendly, comfortable environment. The main transportation and commercial functions are to be located in the basement level, allowing the ground-floor space to be given back to nature. A shared space between Jiaxing’s citizens and travelers, this new green urban center will transform into a “train station in the forest.”

▼项目与入口广场鸟瞰效果图，birdview of the project ©MAD

35.4公顷的城市绿洲
A 35.4 Hectare Urban Oasis

MAD将火车站原地面广场混乱的交通枢纽放置地下，把“人民公园”扩大，以绿色覆盖城市中心，重塑临湖绿洲。公园景观经过精心设计，以老站房为主的精神轴线贯穿始终，站前种满大冠幅树木，带来怡人林荫。改造后，无边界的公园以开放的姿态迎接每位旅客和市民，吸引大家在此停留，享受优美的自然环境，化嘈杂为惬意和安静，真正把城市中心还给人民。

MAD’s proposal places the busy transportation junction underground, freeing the ground floor of obtrusive infrastructure, thus allowing the People’s Park to radiate through the scheme into the city, and form an urban oasis. A careful consideration to landscape and massing has formed an axis with the reconstructed old station building at its core. In front of the station, a large collection of canopy shaped trees have been planted, creating comfortable, natural shades for the plaza.Upon completion, the scheme will become a “borderless park” where citizens and travelers can dwell and enjoy the beautiful natural environment. In contrast with the busy infrastructure beneath, the park will be a place of comfort and quiet, bringing the city center back to the people.

▼以绿色覆盖城市中心，重塑临湖绿洲，People’s Park to radiate through the scheme into the city, and form an urban oasis ©MAD

历史站房的复建
Rebuilding the Historic Station

嘉兴火车站初建于1907年，于1909年投入使用，是当时沪杭线上重要的交通枢纽。1921年中共一大部分代表乘火车来到嘉兴，火车站成为中共一大召开的重要历史见证，但后于1937年被日军炸毁。

The original Jiaxing Train Station was built in 1907, and opened in 1909 as an important junction for the Shanghai-Hangzhou Railway Line. In 1921, the train station received delegates bound for the First Party Congress of the CPC, but was later destroyed by war in 1937.

▼原址照片，photos of the original station’s history ©MAD

▼分析图，diagram ©MAD

为了实现忠于老站房历史原貌的1:1复建，MAD邀请了古建专家、学者、顾问合力，对大量历史影像资料及《嘉兴市志》中残存线索进行分析和数字复原，根据轨距并利用透视原理推导雨棚、天桥、月台、站房之间的关系和尺寸，力求在形式、材料等多方面全面贴近车站的历史样貌。复建后的站房将成为嘉兴火车站历史博物馆，不再具备主要火车站房功能。

In order to create a 1:1 reconstruction of the old station building, MAD engaged with scholars, consultants and experts in heritage architecture to recover data which might aid the project. The relationship and scale between canopies, bridges, platforms, and the building were calculated, allowing for a more accurate reconstruction of the historic station and its features. Upon completion, the old station building will become the Jiaxing Railway History Museum.

▼重建旧车站建筑，reconstruct the old station building ©MAD

▼重塑车站周边绿色环境，recovering the green environment around the station ©MAD

森林中的火车站
A “Train Station in the Forest”

从公园沿着中轴线向南，可以看到复建的老站房与新站房的“漂浮”金属屋顶在树林间若隐若现。新站房进出站平台和候车大厅都在地下，地上仅一层高度，尊重老站房的尺度，并谦虚呼应。

Looking south along the central axis, the rebuilt station building and the “floating” metal roof of the new station will blend with the forest trees. The station concourse, platforms, and waiting hall are hidden underground, while the building’s single-story height above ground level humbly respects the scale of the old station building.

▼“漂浮”金属屋顶在树林间若隐若现，the “floating” metal roof of the new station will blend with the forest trees ©MAD

▼新站房进出站平台和候车大厅都在地下，the station concourse, platforms, and waiting hall are hidden underground ©MAD

▼地下入口细部，entrance underground ©MAD

充沛的自然光通过大量天窗和一层玻璃幕墙往地下候车大厅倾泻，空间开阔明朗。室内整体设计尺度亲和，力求给旅客带来愉悦舒适的出行体验。旅客从候车大厅通过极具未来感设计的地下通道前往站台过程中，可见眼前的地面复建站台仍保留了百年前历史风貌，新与旧形成鲜明对比，过去和未来在此交错。新建站房的屋顶全部使用太阳能光伏板，为可持续发展作出努力。

An abundance of natural light floods into the underground waiting hall through skylights and glass curtain walls on the ground floor, creating a subterranean space which is both open and bright. The internal atmosphere and tone are centered on the human scale, with the aim of creating a pleasant, comfortable experience for travelers. As people move from the waiting hall to the platforms via a futuristic underground tunnel, they observe the rebuilt old station building overhead. Here, a moment is created where old meets new, and a sharp yet composed contrast is showcased between the past and future. On the roof of the new station, solar photovoltaic panels will be installed to enhance the project’s sustainability.

▼充沛的自然光通过大量天窗和一层玻璃幕墙往地下候车大厅倾泻，An abundance of natural light floods into the underground waiting hall through skylights and glass curtain walls on the ground floor ©MAD

森林底下的商业空间
A Commercial Zone underneath the “Forest”

MAD将站前商业也布置在地下，与火车站和市内交通枢纽直接连接，并且通过下沉庭院与地面上公园垂直连通。火车站南侧是新建地上商业空间，建筑围合的草坪成为新的公共空间，可举办音乐会、艺术节、惠民市集等多样室外活动。

MAD’s scheme also places the station’s commercial functions underground, linking the train station with the city’s transportation hub. In addition, sunken courtyards connect the underground commercial space with the parkland above. To the south of the station, a new above-ground commercial area is created, enclosed by landscaped public lawns that can host a variety of events, festivals, concerts, or markets.

▼火车站南侧的地上商业空间，To the south of the station, a new above-ground commercial area is created ©MAD

绿洲之下，四通八达。赶路的旅客可直接从地下一层快速进出，闲情逸致的游客可从公园步行穿过，参观历史博物馆后至地下商业，游玩消费后再踏上旅途。

Beneath the urban oasis, a wide variety of functions and services are connected with each other. For instance, visitors at street level can efficiently enter and exit the transport hub, while others meander through the park, visit the railway museum, or explore the commercial area before embarking on their train journey.

城市交通枢纽分散在南北地下各处，与下沉的市政道路直接接驳。公交总站、有轨电车、地铁、大量停车位和出租车候客蓄车，保证出行的便捷，并且满足了新增商业功能所需的交通配套。

A series of transport options are linked throughout the underground system, directly connected to the sunken municipal roads. Bus terminals, a tramway, metro, car parking, and taxi stands are interconnected by the proposed scheme, creating an efficient transportation portfolio accessed from the train station, and fulfilling the demand for transport facilities created by the new commercial zone.

通过合理的交通梳理和对空间垂直利用，火车站近期的客流需求和未来可持续发展的可能性都能得到保障。升级及优化之后带来的人流、产业，新空间带动高端业态的回归，为老城区注入新的活力。

Through careful transportation planning and vertical use of the space, MAD’s scheme accommodates the existing passenger demands for the station, while also allowing for future sustainable development and expansion. The scheme’s emphasis on connecting with its surroundings will also serve to increase human activity and visitors to the area, enhance its commercial offering, and ultimately rejuvenate the old city center with a new vitality.

未来火车站站场规模将由原来的3台5线扩大到3台6线，上下行正线各设2条到发线。预计到2025年，嘉兴火车站全面客运量将达到528万人/年，客运高峰时每小时可容纳2300人左右。MAD相信，最美好的城市空间应该属于每个人。阳光、自然、建筑和新鲜的空气融为一体，以人为本，让人们感受到生活居住和出行的便捷、舒适与尊严。

The capacity of the train station will be upgraded to three platforms serving six tracks, in contrast to the previous three platforms serving five tracks, with the main upline and downline becoming two arrival and departure tracks respectively. The overall passenger capacity is expected to reach 5.28 million people per year, with peak-time capacity reaching 2,300 people per hour. MAD believes that a city’s best urban spaces should belong to everybody. Architecture, sunlight, nature, and fresh air should work in harmony to be shared by all; creating an environment where people can both live and travel with convenience, dignity, and comfort.

▼模型，model ©MAD

嘉兴火车站
中国嘉兴
2019-2021
类型：交通基础设施
占地面积：354,000平方米
建筑面积：约28万平方米
宣公弄区域：14,161平方米
站场及站房：63,298平方米
北广场：39,945平方米
南广场：147,705平方米
“人民公园”改造：12,197平方米
主持合伙人：马岩松, 党群, 早野洋介
主持副合伙人：刘会英
设计团队：曹晨, Reinier Simons, 姚冉, 傅晓毅, 俞琳, 陈蔚, 何顺鹏, 程相举, Kaushik Raghuraman, 陈念海, 邓伟, 曹溪, 孙铭泽, 黄至禹, 张凯, 李正东, Dayie Wu, 槐伟, Claudia Hertrich, 刘子凡, 解奇霖, Alan Rodríguez Carrillo, 强思旸, 侯京慧, 李昕芸, 尹建峰, Mathias Juul Frost, 雷蕾, 陆子豪
业主：嘉兴市现代服务业发展投资集团有限公司（嘉兴市经济建设投资有限公司）
甲级设计院：同济大学建筑设计研究院（集团）有限公司, 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司
结构顾问：理雅结构工程咨询（上海）有限公司
幕墙顾问：阿法建筑设计咨询（上海）有限公司
景观顾问：致舍（北京）景观规划设计有限公司
照明顾问：北京宁之境照明设计有限责任公司
标识顾问：原研哉（日本设计中心）
古建顾问：上海水石建筑规划设计有限公司-传统建筑研究院
室内顾问：上海现代建筑装饰环境设计研究院有限公司

Jiaxing Train Station
Jiaxing, China
2019-2021
Typology: Transportation Infrastructure
Site Area: 354,000 sqm
Building Area: around 280,000 sqm
Xuangongnong Area: 14,161 sqm
Yard and station building: 63,298 sqm
North Plaza: 39,945 sqm
South Plaza: 147,705 sqm
Renovation of People’s Park: 12,197 sqm
Principal Partners in Charge: Ma Yansong, Dang Qun, Yosuke Hayano
Associate Partners in Charge: Liu Huiying
Design Team: Cao Chen, Reinier Simons, Yao Ran, Fu Xiaoyi, Yu Lin, Chen Wei, He Shunpeng, Cheng Xiangju, Kaushik Raghuraman, Chen Nianhai, Deng Wei, Cao Xi, Sun Mingze, Huang Zhiyu, Zhang Kai, Li Zhengdong, Dayie Wu, Huai Wei, Claudia Hertrich, Liu Zifan, Xie Qilin, Alan Rodríguez Carrillo, Qiang Siyang, Hou Jinghui, Li Xinyun, Yin Jianfeng, Mathias Juul Frost, Lei Lei, Lu Zihao
Client: Jiaxing Modernservice Industry Development & Investment (Group) Co., Ltd.
Executive Architects: Tongji Architectural Design (Group) Co., Ltd., China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co., Ltd.
Structural Consultant: LERA Consulting Structural Engineers
Façade Consultant: RFR Shanghai
Landscape Consultant: Z’scape Landscape Planning and Design
Lighting Consultant: Beijing Sign Lighting Industry Group
Signage Consultant: NDC CHINA, Inc.
Heritage Consultant: Shanghai Shuishi Architectural Design & Planning Corp.,Ltd
Interior Design Consultant: Shanghai Xian Dai Architectural Decoration & Landscape Design Research Institute Co., Ltd.