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项目简介
Project Statement

喀山的卡班湖总体规划以“弹性带”作为主要设计概念，目标是沿着卡班湖打造一个连续的景观网络系统，它不但唤起了原有的生态及文化的记忆，并预言了未来喀山城市的发展方向。这套绿色的基础设施，可以每个公民和沿湖开发都依赖于这个基础设施，在这里水作为喀山市的一个新的生态遗产联系了伏尔加河和喀山卡河。传说里，卡班湖底部隐藏着神秘的宝藏，而这条“弹性带”是一个新时代的宝藏，将开启我们传奇的新篇章，延续当地人关于家园和梦想的记忆。它也将成为一个永恒的传说，一个可爱的故事，将持续在喀山的过去，现在和未来之间，让人们超越自己同时与自然产生联系。

▼由喀山剧院向南鸟瞰上卡班湖景色，Aerial view of Kaban Lake from the Kazan Theater

The Kaban Lakes Overall Embankment Master Plan in Kazan focuses on the idea of creating “The Resilient Ribbon”, a continuous landscape network system along the Kaban Lakes that demarcates the memory and designates the prophecy of Kazan. It is a natural infrastructure, which every citizen and development will depend on, by making water as a new living legacy for the City of Kazan along with the Volga River and the Kazanka River. Besides the hidden treasure at the bottom of the Kaban Lakes, the Resilient Ribbon of Kazan is a new living treasure that opens up a new chapter of our legend where we can continue to build our memories, our homes, and our dreams. The Resilient Ribbon will become a timeless legend, an endearing story that will last for people to transcend themselves between the past, present and future of Kazan at the same time with nature.

▼卡班湖景观，Kaban Lakes landscape

目标与挑战
Project Narratives

这条沿湖的“弹性带”没有把下游，中游和上游的卡班湖看作是独立的水体，而是将所有三个湖泊连在一起，形成一个蓝绿色的网络，沿着湖堤蜿蜒而过，编织一个新的创造无数潜力的公共领域，渗透到城市的不同地区。这些自然生态的廊道慢慢融入城市，成为喀山的自然，文化，生活，社会，旅游和交通发展的共同标准。这条“弹性带”同时是城市适应雨洪的解决方案，让水可以通过犹如孔隙和通道系统的生态雨洪设施进行吸收和释放，这些雨洪设施发挥着海绵体的应对作用，控制着水的全部和部分流动，并随着时间的推移调节了卡班湖的防洪问题和喀山市的水生态环境。

现在的卡班湖面临着多重挑战。这些问题包括：
1.污染的水和脆弱的生态系统
2.如何解读复杂多元的民族文化和历史背景
3.如何处理协调私人用地与公共用地的关系
4.滨湖慢行系统不通畅
5.如何解决有限的公共设施无法满足更加开放的公共空间需求的矛盾
6.缺乏关于湖泊和社区历史的解读资料

▼鸟瞰作为水上运动中心的中卡班湖，Bird’s-eye view of Lake Cabanas as a water sports center

Rather than seeing the Lower, Middle, and Upper Kaban Lakes as individual water bodies and separated cauldrons, the Resilient Ribbon envisions tying all three lakes together and the city together forming a blue-green network, which meanders along the lake embankment and woven a new public realm that create numerous potential and penetrates into different districts of the city. These naturalized waterways are slowly dissolved into the city, acting as the common denominator of nature, culture, living, social, tourism, and transport developments of Kazan. The Resilient Ribbon is a resilient solution for the city to adapt, which water can be absorbed and released through its pores and channels system. This multilayer and multicellular system, like strains of sponge, controls wholly and partially water flows and regulates the environment of the Kaban Lakes embankment area and the City of Kazan over time.

The Resilient Ribbon is playing an important role for the City of Kazan, the current Kaban Lakes are facing multiple challenges. These issues includes:
1. polluted water and fragile ecology
2. multi-culture and diverse ethnic background
3. private owned land parcels versus public realm,
4. inaccessible water edge and disconnected embankment,
5. limited support facilities and developed amenities spaces,
6. lack of evidence and explanation about the history of the lake and neighborhoods.

▼周边居民在湖边漫步、做瑜伽，The surrounding residents stroll and do yoga along the lake

设计策略
Design Strategy: Quilting the terrain

“弹性带”建议以水作为规划设计的主要驱动力，并以水为核心确立了三个关键战略，充分发挥卡班湖沿岸的生态潜力，使其为喀山市相邻地块和周边地区提供多种城市生态系统服务。

The Resilient Ribbon proposes to use water as the main driving force. Three key strategies have been established in the masterplan to unfold the full potentials of the Kaban Lakes along the embankment areas, and provide multiple urban ecosystem services to the adjacent land plots and the surrounding districts of the Kazan City at varies scale.

▼夜晚节庆时分的克拉克河，一条联系克林姆林宫与卡班湖的活力带，The Clark River at night time festivals, a band of vitality that links the Kremlin and Lake Kaban

▼“活力带”滨水空间夜景，a band of vitality nightview

让水引导，配置城市发展的空间战略|Letting Water to Lead the Way, A Spatial Strategy to Configure Urbanism

在宏观尺度上，以卡班湖的水系统为骨架构建成喀山市城市发展的空间战略。本策略对应的目标是建立生态与文化的脊柱来引领城市发展格局。
1. 以水促进城市生态：发展蓝绿色网络以重新激发自然过程，为城市发展创造一个自然的环境。将灰色基础设施转化为绿色基础设施，使自然恢复活力，并以最低的影响力开展人类活动。
2. 以水张扬文化积淀：利用滨水生态带重新将上、中、下卡班湖沿岸的历史遗迹和文化地标与喀山市区，布拉克运河，喀山卡河联系在一起。

▼增加了水生植物，柔化了原有的硬质岸线，同时增加了小型的水上咖啡吧等服务性建筑，aquatic plants were added to soften the original hard shoreline and at the same time add service buildings such as miniature water coffee bars.

At the macro scale, the Kaban Lake and the water system configures a new urbanism of Kazan City as the spatial strategy. The objective is to develop an ecological and cultural backbone guiding the growing pattern.
1. Using water to enhance urban ecologies: A Blue-Green network is developed to stimulate natural processes and create a natural setting for the city development. Transforming grey infrastructure into green infrastructure enabling nature to rejuvenate itself and allow human activities to take place with the lowest impact.
2. Using water to honor cultures: Linking historical heritages and cultural landmarks along Upper, Middle and Lower Kaban Lakes with the Kazan downtown district, the Bulak Canal, the Kazanka River

▼亲水栈道，hydrophilic path

创建以水的问题为核心的设计干预，应用地方化的设计策略|Creating Water-Oriented Design Interventions, A Local Strategy to Transform Sites

在中观尺度上，卡班湖湖堤的生态改造遵循水的排与蓄，不同洪水期与枯水期的水位情况。依据水的性能以及水敏感性，积极地进行滨水的城市设计。
3.以水驱动土地开发：设计确定了新的湖滨发展模式，以一种共生关系重新建立了建筑、水、城市开放空间与自然环境之间的新型关系。
4.以水来聚集人气：湖畔作为一个包容开放的公共空间，不仅是专属于私人的，也应随时为公众提供休闲空间。通过景观手法创造大小不一的开放空间，吸引游人并且能够让人停留。
5.以水连接城市：沿着三个湖泊的水生态系统和绿色生态系统全面开发连续的慢行系统，通过定义创造新的连续性和可达性，形成友好的行人和自行车系统。

▼中卡班湖周边增加了沙滩、健身场地及慢行系统等，打造滨水运动休闲场所，In the vicinity of Lake Kaban added beaches, fitness venues and slow system, to create a waterfront sports and leisure venues

At medium scale, the Kaban Lakes embankment transformation follows the drainage, flow and level of water. Interventions will be designed based on the performance, potentials and programs of water to determine the outcome. The objective is to be water sensitive and actively engage design with water.
3. Using water to drive land development: An Integrated Development defining a new lakefront development model and establish a new relationship between building, water, urban openspace and natural environment symbiotically.
4. Using water to gather people: An Inclusive Public Realm where the lakefront is not only exclusive to private sectors but also allow public to access for leisure anytime. Different sizes of open spaces are created through the meandering of landscape, creating an everyone lakefront with plazas with intimate places for someone to stay.
5. Using water to link the city: A Continuous Commute System is developed all along the three lakes, where new connectors and crossings are extended seamlessly through defined naturalized waterways and green corridors. An uninterrupted journey is created with accessible pedestrian and bike friendly circulation system.

▼滨水慢行体验系统，slow waterfront experience system

▼细部，details

▼从滨水慢行体验系统看湖中喷泉，looking at the fountain in the lake from slow waterfront experience system

用水讲故事，解读未知的内容策略|Telling Stories with Water, A Content Strategy to Interpret Unknowns

在微观层面上，喀山的众多传说和故事将在滨湖的绿色生态系统上显现出来。其目的在于欣赏有形遗产的普通价值，从有形中看到背后无形的历史及文化。

▼湖边原有的工业厂房，经过功能置换后，成为新的文化创意展示区，The lake’s original industrial plant, after the functional replacement, became a new cultural and creative display area

At micro scale, the numerous legends and stories of the Kazan will be revealed along the lake embankment and on the lake. The objective is to appreciate the ordinary value of the tangible heritage and brings the intangible from the invisible to visible.
6. Using water to tell the story: Through a comprehensive interpretation system, fixtures and boat tour, different historical, industrial and living culture and stories will be explained respectively at Lower, Middle, and Upper Kaban Lake based on their indigenous character.

▼湖边座椅装置细部，seat details at the side of the lake

结论
Conclusion

未来，卡班湖不仅只是蕴藏着沉入湖底的神秘宝藏，这条生态基础设施的“弹性带”将开启尘封的历史记忆和揭示喀山未来的瑰宝。喀山市将不再只是建立在历史传说上的古老都城，而是以一个真正的传奇故事超越过去的千年，带领其迈入繁荣走向未来的千年。“弹性带”是一个生态文化基础设施，社区活动不断在水上进行，新的居住区继续沿着水开发，城市继续围绕水域扩展，将山水河湖连接在一起，保护自然，文化和社会景观。

Hereinafter, the Kaban Lakes will not only contain sunken treasures which remain as a mystery to be discovered. The Resilient Ribbon is a living treasure which unfolds the memory and unveils the future of Kazan. With water, the City of Kazan will not be based on legends anymore but with a true legendary story transcending itself from the past millennium and leading its prosperity towards the future millenniums. The Resilient Ribbon is an eco-cultural agent where community activities continue to take place on water, new settlement continue to develop along water, and the city continue to expand around water, connecting ponds, streams, and rivers together and safeguarding the natural, cultural and social landscape.The New Kaban Lakes Masterplan raises the City of Kazan and the Republic of Tatarstan to become a world class multiculturalism capital where different religions, ethnic groups, and citizens could live safely, peacefully and proudly together.

▼夜景，nightview

▼喀山卡班湖群总平面图，The master plan of the Lake Kaban

项目标题：俄罗斯喀山市卡班湖群滨水区 Development of the Kaban Lakes System’s Embankments Master Plan and Landscape Design
委托方：俄罗斯鞑靼斯坦共和国喀山市 Kazan City Government, Republic of Tartarstan, Russian Federation
项目地点：俄罗斯鞑靼斯坦共和国喀山市 Kazan City, Republic of Tartarstan, Russian Federation
规划面积：1138.52公顷；景观面积：19.08公顷
设计时间：2013年2月至2013年12月
建成时间：2015年7月
所获奖项：俄罗斯喀山市卡班湖群滨水规划设计公开竞赛国际第一名
首席设计师：俞孔坚

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