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基地周边被大型住宅所占据，而业主则希望我们打造一个适当尺度的家。通过大面积的开敞区域以及与花园的紧密联系，这个适度大小的住宅显得宽敞而丰富。最终建成的住宅仅有附近房屋的一半大小，却在宜居性上毫不逊色。

The site is neighboured by huge houses. We were asked to provide the family with ‘just the right amount of space’. By creating large openings and generous connections to the garden we aimed to make this modest-sized house feel abundant and broad. The result is a home that is almost half the size of its neighbours without compromising liveability.

▼从前院看向建筑，the exterior view from the garden

▼宽阔屋檐下的枫树，the maple tree encompassed by the eave

世界上最大的住宅

The largest houses in the world.

澳大利亚有着世界上最大型的住宅。稳定的经济，野心勃勃的文化和相对平坦的地形使得澳大利亚人可以建造远超需要的住宅。墨尔本尤其是这样：开阔的地形、迅速增长的人口使得住宅从宜居区一直蔓延到了沙漠地带。为了给公众提供必需的基础设施和服务，如食物、饮水、电力、交通、医院和教育等，政府付出了高昂的代价，这一代价不仅仅是财政上的，还包括环境方面。庞大的住宅与澳大利亚城市气候是矛盾的，导致了供暖和冷气负荷的迅速增长。大型住宅以及随之造成的摊大饼式的城市发展导致对于私家车和相关的基础设施的依赖，这在目前是世界上最不环保的交通方式。而那些无法驾车出行的人群，如老人、小孩和残疾人等由于交通不便而处于被孤立的境地。在这些汽车川流不息的地方，步行和骑车也是危险的。

简而言之，大型住宅对于城市而言是一场灾难，对于我们的社区也同样是一场文化和社交的灾难。

Australian homes are the largest in the world. This is a significant problem for Australia. A stable economy, aspirational culture and relatively flat topography have enabled Australians to occupy homes that are far bigger than they require. Melbourne’s flat landscape, loose topographical boundaries and rapidly growing population have meant that large homes have spread over the food belt and into arid areas. Large homes, and their associated sprawl, are highly problematic. Services and infrastructure, such as food, water, electricity, communications, health and education are stretched at great expense to the public, both financially and environmentally. Large, deep homes are less responsive to the climates of Australia’s cities. Therefore heating and cooling demands are radically increased. Large homes, and the subsequent sprawl, place significant demands on private car ownership and associated infrastructure, which is by far the least sustainable transport option. People who are unable to drive (the elderly, children, people with disabilities, etc) are often left isolated without reliable alternative transport options. Walking and riding become difficult, and often dangerous, in sprawl areas.

In short, large homes are an environmental disaster for our cities, whilst also being a cultural/social disaster for our communities.

▼面向庭院的书房，the study facing the front garden

▼书房与客厅相连，也可以通过转动移动式隔墙成为一个独立的房间

生活在社区中
Living with community.

“我们（澳大利亚人）总是习惯于去私密场所而非公共场所，或是与社区里的其他人交流，而我认为这是错误的。”Stuart White教授说道。

正如我们的许多很棒的业主一样，“THAT”住宅的业主急切的想要融入社区而非永久的将自己藏起来或是建一个堡垒。随着澳大利亚的住宅和文化变得越来越倾向于内向和保护性，建筑师反其道而行之。“THAT”住宅完全向公众和家人敞开自己。而与此同时，这个透明的住宅需要保持适度的私密性。因此我们在住宅上部设置了上升式百叶窗，让业主决定开敞的程度。你有多少次曾看见一个大落地窗，却被下降式百叶窗遮得密不透风？下降式百叶窗的缺点在于，除非你把它拉到底，否则你就无法保证私密性。而上升式的百叶窗则可以屏蔽来自街道的视线，却仍然可以望见花园和街道的景色。这使得人们可以自如的控制私密性的程度以及每个空间的光线。

“We (Australians) tend to seek those things in a private space rather than going and seeking them in a public space or mingle with others in the community and I think that is a worrying trend,” Professor Stuart White

Like many of our wonderful clients, the owners of THAT House are keen to open up to the community rather than permanently hiding or fortifying themselves. As Australian homes and culture become increasingly inward looking and protective, AMA is reacting against this trend. THAT House can open up to the outdoors, both private and public. Importantly a house that can be very transparent needs to be able to adapt to multiple privacy needs. Hence we have installed upwards blinds to give the owners control over their level of privacy. How many times have you seen huge windows with their blinds permanently down? This happens because of the binary a downward blind creates. A downward blind provides no privacy until it is completely down. An upward blind enables you to cut-out almost all view into a home while still being able to look out to the garden, and the street beyond. This gives control over all levels of privacy and intimate control over the light let into each space.

▼开放的客厅，the living room with view of the rear garden

独处，相聚
Alone, together.

我们大部分的作品都体现了“独处和相聚”的概念。用简单的话来说，我们希望在一个分享的空间里营造私密场所。我们绝非开放平面的忠实拥簇，但也反对将功能或是房间完全封闭的做法，而是试图在不同空间中创造宽松宜人的联系。“THAT”住宅表面上是开放的，但是内部的空间却可以打通、隔开或是半开放的。当家庭成员聚在客厅看卡通片的时候，也许有人想要独自在书房看会儿书，而另外两个人则想要围在餐桌旁讨论足球。全部人都在一个共享空间内，但是却不是一个嘈杂的开放空间，也不是一系列封闭的小隔间。“THAT”住宅使得家人们在任何时候都可以选择参与互动或是享受独处时光。

如果你的空间能够适应你的情绪、天气、时辰和用途，那么你就不会需要很多房间了。适应型的、复杂的空间使得我们可以在最大程度上利用我们的空间，而不需要一个庞大的建筑，并且可以有一个宽敞的户外空间和花园。

Running through most of our projects is the concept of being alone, together. In its simplest terms, we aim to have secluded spaces within shared spaces. We’re not fans of open-plan living. We also avoid completely enclosing rooms or functions. We try to make the connection of each space adaptable and loose. The ground floor of THAT House is ostensibly open, however the arrangement of spaces allows the owners to be together, or secluded, or any level of engagement in between. For example, someone could be quietly reading in the study, whilst another family member watches cartoons in the sitting space, and two others are discussing football at the dining table. They are within a large, shared area, however it is not a noisy open plan, nor is it a series of enclosed cells. THAT House enables the residents to be as engaged or as removed from the family as much as they wish, at any time.

If your spaces can adapt to suit your mood, the weather, time of day and usage, then you don’t need numerous rooms. Adaptable, complex areas allow us to make the most of our space, while keeping our homes modest in size and enabling us to have large, well-connected outdoor spaces and gardens.

▼与餐厅相连的小客厅位于另一侧，the lounge on the other side

▼起居空间与餐厅及厨房相连，the dining area next to the lounge

对抗
Defiance.

“THAT”住宅绝非一个小家。它既不是一个解决方案，也不是澳大利亚住宅的“新原型”。尽管位于环境之中，住宅却是对抗性的。“THAT”住宅是一个有意为之的设计，仅仅用了邻居一半的土地，却建造出了一个在空间、功能和品质方面丝毫不逊色的住宅。这种不满足或是担心有所遗漏的焦虑会带给人真正的恐惧。而好的设计和规划，适度尺度的房屋却不是折衷方案。事实上，带有与花园和自然充分接触的内部空间，一个精心设计的小住宅远胜于它周围那些臃肿不堪缺乏考虑的邻居们。

Let’s be clear, THAT House is not a small home. It’s not a solution, nor ‘new prototype’ for Australian housing. However within its context THAT House is defiant and resistant. THAT house is a conscious effort to build a home that is almost half the floor area of its neighbours, yet without compromise of spatial types, functions and quality. The anxiety of not having enough, or leaving something out that you may need later, is a real fear. However with good design and planning, modest size homes are not compromising. In fact, due to their access to the garden and the sophisticated nature of their internal spaces, well designed smaller homes are far superior to their bulky, poorly-considered neighbours.

▼穿孔铝板制作的楼梯增添了轻盈的感觉，the stairs made from perforated alumni panel

▼带有落地窗的卧室，the bedroom with full height window

▼走廊享有户外景观，corridors with view of outdoor landscape

▼主卧正对着游泳池，the master bedroom facing the swimming pool

▼带有小圆窗的浴室，the bathroom with small round window

可持续性
Sustainability.

正如我们的所有项目一样，可持续性是本项目的核心。在北面的窗户有最优的日照。所有的窗户都是双层的。西侧立面没有窗户，东面则采用了少量的玻璃。建筑各处均采用了高性能密封措施。主动调节的百叶窗和自然通风减少了对于制冷和供暖的需求。在后院的地下室有一个大水箱，用于储藏屋面排放的雨水，并用于灌溉和冲洗马桶。我们尽可能的采用本地的材料和设施。屋面上还装有太阳能板。

Like all of our buildings, sustainability is at the core of THAT House. We have optimised passive solar gain into all north facing windows. All windows are double-glazed. We have no glazing on western facades and limited glass on the eastern facades. High performance insulation is everywhere. Along with active management of shade, and passive ventilation demands on mechanical heating and cooling are drastically reduced. A large water tank has been buried within the rear yard. All roof water is captured and reused to flush toilets and water the garden. Where possible we have sourced local trades, materials and fittings. Solar panels with micro-inverters cover the new roof.

▼从二层的露台看向卧室，view of the bedroom

▼带有游泳池的后院成为家人相聚的美好空间，the rear yard with swimming pool

▼夜景，night view

▼体量生成图解，the volume progressing

▼总平面图，siteplan

▼一层平面图，first floor plan

▼二层平面图，second floor plan

▼立面图，elevation

▼剖面图，section

Architect: Austin Maynard Architects (formerly Andrew Maynard Architects), www.maynardarchitects.com
Project team: Andrew Maynard, Mark Austin, Kathryne Houchin
Site / Floor Area: Site area – 514m2; Floor area – 255m2
Completion date: September 2015
Builder: Sargant Constructions
Landscape Architect: Ben Scott, Garden Design
Tree: Acer (Maple tree)
Engineer: R. Bliem & Associates
Quantity Surveyor: Cost Plan
Building Surveyor: Code Compliance
Pool contractor: Out From The Blue
PHOTOGRAPHER: Tess Kelly

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