Rebirth of Fabers Factories by Arcgency

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Appreciations towards Arcgency for providing the following description.

丹麦郊区有着丰富的建筑遗址，空置的老厂房和车站年久失修，状态不容乐观。与大城市不同，郊区缺少经济刺激，成为了造成现在这种状况的的主要原因。设计采用“屋中屋”的概念，将郊区的文化遗址成功改造成了一栋引人注目的住宅。建筑和当地的特征得到保留，将促进地区发展，带来生活品质上的提升。

Rural Denmark has a rich building heritage which is at risk. Old factories and station buildings are left empty and fall into disrepair. This is mainly because there isn’t the same economic incentive to transform these buildings as there is in the bigger cities. A House in house concept makes it profitable to transform cultural heritage in rural districts into attractive housing. The architecture and local identity is preserved. This can provide a blossoming local development and lead to an increase in the quality of life.

▼改造后的室内空间，interior space after renovation ©Rasmus Hjortshøj – COAST Studio / Architecture: Arcgency

在Fabers工厂改造试点项目中，Arcgency展现了重新思考居住概念的可能性。通过开发一种模块化建筑方式，建筑师创造了一栋经济适用、富有吸引力的可持续住宅。这一手段可以应用在不同环境中，为不同场地的改造提供了一种建筑工具，保留当地特色，传达有趣的空间品质，兼具丰富性和感知性。

In the pilot project Fabers Factories, Arcgency shows how it is possible to rethink the concept of dwelling. By developing a modular building method we are creating affordable, attractive and sustainable housing. This method is applicable in a broad context and provides a means through architecture for each site to preserve its local identity, expressing interesting spatial qualities; variety and tactility.

▼改造后的建筑外观，external view of the building after renovation ©Rasmus Hjortshøj – COAST Studio / Architecture: Arcgency

改造策略 – 屋中屋
Transformation Strategy – House in house

如果使用传统建造手段改造现有建筑，成本将会十分高昂。优化历史建筑的能源系统为改造工程带来了许多挑战，并且可能伴随无法预见的额外成本，比建造一栋新建筑花费更高。Arcgencys提出的“屋中屋”概念将挑战转变成了新的可能性，创造了一种新的居住原型，特色鲜明，并且对环境影响很小。

When using traditional building methods it is expensive to transform existing buildings. Energy optimization, the challenges of fitting to an existing building and the risk of unforeseeable expenses are factors that increase expenditure when compared to building new. Arcgencys ‘House in house’ concept turns the challenges into new potential and creates a new housing typology with a strong identity and a small environmental footprint.

▼设计概念和材料
design concept and materials ©Arcgency

Fabers工厂有着标志性的空间序列，建筑体量清晰地表现出环境对其的塑造，及其随时间的发展。设计放弃了让工厂适应公寓，而是反过来将公寓植入了工厂之中。

Faber’s Factories are characterized by its remarkable space sequences. The body of the building shows how the factory has been shaped by its context and how it has developed over time. Instead of adapting the factory to the apartments, Arcgency has chosen to adapt the apartments to the factory.

▼改造保留原有建筑的外观，renovation restored the appearance of the existing building ©Rasmus Hjortshøj – COAST Studio / Architecture: Arcgency

核心和外壳
The core and the shell

设计没有更新建筑的平立面，而是保留了工厂的大部分现状，仅对过于破败的部分进行了修复。在未经修饰的工厂空间中，建筑师植入了一个独立的木制构造，与现有结构脱开。建筑师将新的木制构件称为“核心”，而原有建筑则是“外壳”。每个住宅都包含一个核心和一个外壳。

Instead of renovating all surfaces and square meters, most of the factory is kept in its current state. Only those building parts that are in a critical condition are renovated. Inside the raw spaces of the factory an independant wood construction is built standing free of the existing structure. We call the new wood construction “The core” and the existing building “The shell”. Each dwelling consists of a core and a shell.

▼空间由木制核心和未经装饰的外壳组成，space composed of the wood core and the raw shell ©Rasmus Hjortshøj – COAST Studio / Architecture: Arcgency

核心包含居住的主要功能。其由自然材料制成，空间紧凑，高效节能。它可以提供充足的自然光照，创造舒适的室内气候，以及极高的空间可变性。核心包括开放厨房和餐厅、卧室和浴室。

The core constitutes the primary part of the dwelling. It is compact, energy efficient and built in natural materials. It offers excellent daylight conditions, a comfortable indoor climate and great spatial variation. The core comprises an open kitchen-dining area, bedrooms and a bathroom.

▼核心内部，inside the core ©Rasmus Hjortshøj – COAST Studio / Architecture: Arcgency

外壳是一个没有采暖、不保温的弹性空间。不同季节中，人们可以在这里进行通常住宅中无法实现的活动，如工作室、室内有客场、工坊，等等。

The shell is an unheated and uninsulated flexible space. Depending on the season it can be used for activities which are commonly hard to fit in a regular dwelling i.e. atelier, indoor playground and workshop.

▼核心外的外壳空间，the shell outside the core ©Rasmus Hjortshøj – COAST Studio / Architecture: Arcgency

▼没有保温，未经修饰的空间，raw space without insulation ©Rasmus Hjortshøj – COAST Studio / Architecture: Arcgency

核心和外壳之间的墙面由玻璃板制成，可以完全打开，形成流动的边界。人们可以将整栋住宅看成一个巨大的可变空间。在寒冷的月份中，住户可以把门关闭，玻璃保证了空间之间的视觉连接。未经加工的寒冷空间与新建的核心相会，在建筑遗迹里共存。原有的墙面上布满磨损和撕裂的痕迹，天花为砖拱，与精致的木制构造形成强烈的对比，二者并置使这里的生活成为了一种独特的体验。它与历史对话，同时带来了新的元素。

The wall between the core and the shell is built from glass panels that can be completely opened up creating a fluid boundary. You perceive the dwelling as a large and flexible space. During the cold months the wall can be closed but the glass ensures that the visual contact is intact. It is in the meeting between the raw unheated spaces and the new core that the building heritage is conveyed. The original surfaces with their traces from wear and tear and the vaulted brick ceiling is a stark contrast to the new and concise wooden constructions – a juxtaposition that makes the dwelling something special. It communicates the history whilst simultaneously creating a setting for something new.

▼核心与外壳通过可以完全打开的玻璃门分隔，the core and the shell are separated by glass panels which could by fully opened ©Rasmus Hjortshøj – COAST Studio / Architecture: Arcgency

概念带来了下述经济效益：
– 仅对现有结构进行微小改动，减少结构工程成本
– 减少每平米使用的材料，将成本使用限制在必要功能上
– 核心的建造遵循模块化网格，减少工作时间，节约成本
– 外壳增加了居住空间面积，但是由于不需要保温，节省了每平米建造成本
– 由于墙面隐藏在核心后，仅有较少部分需要环境修复

There are the following economical benefits to the concept:
– Reduced costs for structural engeneering as only minor changes are made to the existing structure.
– The core is compact and contains only necessary functions reducing material use per square metre.
– The core is constructed from a modular grid, it reduces work hours and is cost efficiant.
– The shell adds a larger living area but saves costs per square meters as insulation is not required.
– As it is hidden behind The core less surface area requires environmental remediation.

▼核心内的居住空间，living space inside the core ©Rasmus Hjortshøj – COAST Studio / Architecture: Arcgency

标准化与独特性
The standardised and the unique

新的核心按照模块化网格建造，与原有墙面脱开。它们使用标准材料，标准建造方式，角度精确，安装时不会与原建筑弯曲的空间产生冲突。这种建造方式的优势包括：
– 提高工作效率
– 减少材料浪费
– 可以预制建造

The new cores are constructed according to a modular grid and are kept free from the existing walls. They are built from standard materials, standard measures and with right angles. That way the cores can be built without having to relate to any pre-existing crookedness of the building. The advantages are:
– It makes the work hours more efficient.
– It reduces waste of material.
– Can be made as prefabrication

▼核心与原有墙面脱开，the cores are kept free from the existing surfaces ©Rasmus Hjortshøj – COAST Studio / Architecture: Arcgency

项目的独特元素体现在新核心与原有建筑的连接上。它可以是一扇打开的窗。在这里，核心的模块化网格与原有建筑不规则的墙面相会。独特的元素通过3D扫描和机器人建造制成。设计师扫描原有墙面制作了一个三维模型，并以此模型为基础用CNC机器人生产了一种定制的窗台，在新与旧之间形成独特的连接。

The unique element is the link between the new core and the existing building. It could be a window opening. In this place the modular grid of the core meets the irregular walls of the existing factory. The unique element is manufactured through the use of 3D scanning and robot fabrication. The scan of the existing walls is used to produce a 3D model. Based on the model a tailored windowsill is designed and manufactured by CNC robots. This creates a unique meeting between new and old.

▼独特的窗台，unique windowsill ©Rasmus Hjortshøj – COAST Studio / Architecture: Arcgency

设计概念建立自工业化思维的基础上，建筑中的主要构件都是工厂预制的。通过这个项目，Arcgency成为了预制建造的专家。为了降低生产成本，必须要大量生产。因此预制建造不适合小型项目。本项目中的构件是由当地一家小工厂现场制造的。未来面对更大规模的项目时，这个概念也可以随之升级。

The concept is based on an industrial mindset the main part of the building components are prefabricated. Through our projects Arcgency has become specialised in prefabrication. We have learnt that in order to offer cost-effective production high volumes must be produced. Prefabrication is therefore not suitable for small projects. For this project the components are locally produced in a small on-site factory. For larger projects the concept can be upscaled.

木制建造，木纤维保温和木材表面
Wood construction, wood fiber insulation and wood surfaces

Arcgency设计的核心理念是让人们意识到材料的来源。在适应性改造项目中，事务所会尽可能地使用原有结构。新增的材料必须是可持续的，并且可以通过机械性的方式安装，保证今后能够拆卸回收再利用。

To be resource consciousness is a core value for Arcgency. When working with adaptive reuse the office is concerned with using as much of the existing structure as possible. The new material that is added has to be sustainable and be able to be mounted mechanically (with screws etc.), so it is possible to disassemble,reuse and recycle at a later date.

Fabers工厂中使用的材料对建筑师来说是一次实验。核心全部由木材制成，包括承重结构、保温层、天花、墙面和地面。除了可持续性，木材还带来了许多附加优势：
– 木材可以吸收和释放水分，创造健康的室内环境。
– 建造方式简单，木匠是主要的建造人员。
– 木材便于现场加工，也方便预制。
– 便于维护。所有表面都通过机械方式安装，容易拆卸，方便更新和回收。
– 在新与旧之间形成清晰的视觉界限。

We wanted to experiment with the materials used to build Fabers Factory. The Core is built entirely of wood. This includes load bearing constructions, insulation, ceilings, walls and floors. In addition to being sustainable wood offers additional advantages:
– Wood can absorb and release moisture, this creates a healthy indoor climate.
– A simple construction. The carpenter is the primary builder.
– Wood is easy to process both onsite and if used for prefabrication.
– Ease of maintenance. All surfaces are mechanically mounted and are easily disassembled. Enabling the ability to renovate and reuse.
– Visually defining a clear boundary between new and old.

项目成功地开发出了一套模块化建造方式，可用于创造经济、健康并且可持续的住宅，为独特的居住生活提供了框架。建筑师期待看到未来住户如何接受这个项目，并且在空间中留下属于他们自己的印记。

The project has succeeded in developing a modular building method that can be applied to create affordable, healthy and sustainable housing. Housing that can create the framework for a unique home. We are excited to see how the future tenants will receive the project and make their individual mark on the place.

When: 2018-2020
Where: Ryslinge, Fyn
What: Development project. Transformation of a former factory into affordable quality housing
Area: 460 m2
Developer: Faaborg Midtfyn municipality (FMK). Funded by the Danish Transport, Construction and Housing Authority
Owner: Skibsted Ejendomme
Architect: Arcgency
Energy Engineer: Ekolab
Structural engineering: Henry Jensen
Research: Aarhus School of Architecture (AAA)
Environmental screening: Jord Miljø
Entrepreneur: PH Byg Faaborg
Photos: Rasmus Hjortshøj – COAST Studio