HEX-SYS/六边体系，广州 / OPEN建筑事务所

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近日，OPEN建筑事务所的HEX-SYS/六边体系获得美国《室内设计》2016年度最佳设计奖和WA中国建筑奖技术进步入围奖。HEX-SYS/六边体系是OPEN建筑事务所研发的灵活可拆装建筑体系。作为对中国近年来伴随着建造热潮而出现的大量临时建筑的回应，这个可快速建造、可重复使用的建筑体系延长了建筑的生命周期，实现了真正意义上的可持续性。预制化生产和装配式建造，使其像产品一样具备批量生产的可能；而通过模块的不同组合方式，它又会演化出各种各样的版本，灵活适用于不同的场地和功能。它是OPEN长期以来对批量定制和建筑可持续性探索的一个方面。

▼ 视频，Video

Recently, OPEN’s HEX-SYS won Interior Design’s Best of Year Awards 2016 and WA Technological Innovation Award. HEX-SYS is a reconfigurable and reusable building system OPEN Architecture designed. As our reaction to the unique Chinese phenomenon in the recent decades’ building frenzy – the production of vast amount of flamboyant but short-lived buildings, this modular building system can easily adapt to many different functions, and can be disassembled and reused, thus extending a building’s life cycle and saving great amount of resources. By being modular and prefabricated, it can be built much faster than traditional buildings. This system is part of OPEN’s continuous exploration on mass-customization and the ultimate potential in building sustainability.

▼ 全景俯瞰-HEX-SYS/六边体系是OPEN建筑事务所研发的灵活可拆装建筑体系，Bird-eye View-HEX-SYS is a reconfigurable and reusable building system OPEN Architecture designed

▼ 远景鸟瞰，Aerial View

设计的灵感源于可拆卸重组的中国古代木构建筑体系，以及融汇了勒·柯布西耶毕生对模数化建造系统之研究的瑞士展馆。我们设计的这套系统旨在将结构、机电、外围护和室内装修等全部建造体系整合到可以灵活拼接的六边形的基本单元中，在严谨的几何规则的控制下，单元可以自由地拼接组合。

▼ 建筑外观 -设计的灵感源于可拆卸重组的中国古代木构建筑体系，External View – Inspired by both the ancient Chinese wooden building system which can be taken apart and rebuilt elsewhere with little damage

▼ 室外夜景，Night View

基本建筑单元是一个大约40平米的六边形模块。倒伞状的屋顶钢结构由位于中央的圆柱结构支撑，空心的圆柱兼做雨水管，可将收集到的雨水用于景观灌溉或者注满庭院水池。三种不同的单元——透明的、围合的和室外的，分别适应不同的功能需求。在一个组团中“缺失”一个六边形，形成内部庭院，为这个工业化建造体系加入有禅意的“留白”。 体系里建筑构件的连接节点都被设计不用焊接或者打胶，以便拆卸。

▼ 标识塔，Signage Tower

▼ 喷雾广场-基本建筑单元是一个大约40平米的六边形模块，Mist Plaza- Outdoor Units-The basic building cell is a hexagon module about 40sm

▼倒伞状的屋顶钢结构由位于中央的圆柱结构支撑，空心的圆柱兼做雨水管，an inverted umbrella roof structure standing on a single pipe column which double functions as the rain flue

OPEN建筑事务所拥有此建筑体系的专利，它的第一个建成原型是位于广州南站附近一个包含展示、洽谈、多媒体室和咖啡厅的展示中心。它展现了HEX-SYS/六边体系的一种应用，但这个体系同样可以应用于其它很多适合的功能。

▼ 入口接待台，Reception

▼ 入口休息区，Lounge Area

▼ 建筑模块的不同组合方式创造出完全不同的内部及外部空间感受- 洽谈区，different combination of base modules achieved totally different spatial experience both internally and externally – Business Lounge

▼ 模型展示区，Model Display Area

▼ 咖啡吧，Café

Inspired by both the ancient Chinese wooden building system which can be taken apart and rebuilt elsewhere with little damage, and Le Corbusier’s Pavilion for Zurich which summarized his lifelong research on modular building systems, we designed this prototype comprised of hexagonal cells with architectural, structural and mechanical systems all synthesized within the same geometrical rules. The composition of cells can be rearranged according to different site and programmatic needs.

The basic building cell is a hexagon module about 40sm, with an inverted umbrella roof structure standing on a single pipe column which double functions as the rain flue. Rainwater is collected and used for landscape irrigation. There are 3 basic types of cells, indoor-open, indoor-closed and outdoor-open, to accommodate different functional needs. A ‘missing’ hexagon in a cluster of cells forms an internal Zen garden, much like the void in Chinese paintings. Building components’ connection details are all designed to be reversible, no welding or glue allowed.

OPEN holds the design patent for this building system. The first realized prototype of HEX-SYS is an exhibition center in Guangzhou China, next to the city’s new train station. It contains exhibition areas, multimedia room, lounge, offices and café. This building demonstrates one possible application of HEX-SYS, but the system can be adapted to many other suitable functions as well.

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六边体系设计实录

1. HEX-SYS/六边体系的灵活性体现在哪些方面？它又如何应对不同项目对于建筑“独特性”的需求？

HEX-SYS/六边体系是一个能够适应于不同功能和不同气候条件的建筑体系，因为它的平面形态可以用基本模块自由组合，立面材料也可以根据地区及项目需求来更换。适应性与灵活性是这个建筑体系的核心。它可以应用于展示中心、社区中心、办公、商店、餐厅等等适合的功能。通过使用不同的室内室外材料，以及建筑模块的不同组合方式，可以创造出完全不同的内部及外部空间感受。

▼ 平面灵活性，Maximum Flexibility

▼ 场地适应性，Site Adaptability

2. 是哪些元素使得这个工业化的建筑体系看起来足够美观？

繁与简的平衡，不论是室内或室外——空间的自然流动，光影，当然还有细节的精准度和它的轻盈。

▼ 庭院水池-空间的自然流动光影，Water-court – free flow of space, light and shadows

3. 作为美国《室内设计》2016年度最佳设计奖绿色类别的冠军，这个建筑体系在可持续方面最突出的是成就是？

几个主要的方面包括：
在建筑的施工和使用过程中，将对场地的干扰降至最低；
相较于传统的现场施工，将施工过程中产生的污染降至最低；
适应于当地气候的外立面以及室外的遮阳单元有效地降低建筑的冷热负荷；
倒伞状的屋顶和中间的空心圆柱进行雨水回收用于景观的灌溉；
最重要的方面当然是，建筑可以重复使用，大大减少了临时建筑所造成的资源浪费。

▼ 百叶遮阳屋面，Shading Louver Roof

▼ 天花板细部，Ceiling Detail

▼ 门把手细部，Door Handle

4. OPEN对批量定制和可持续建筑的探索是从何而起的，体现在哪些方面？

这个问题可以回溯到OPEN创立之初。当时看到几个问题：第一，建筑的需求量太大；第二，大量快速建造的房子没有机会被很好地设计。刚好那个时候批量定制的概念刚刚出现，尤其是在产品设计领域；第三，同时我们也在不断反思建筑师的工作状态，当时我们有一个概念就是如何让优秀的设计推广给大众，从那开始，原型、批量定制的思考就一直贯穿在我们的实践中。还有一些对资源有效利用的考虑，我们做可反复使用的建筑，是对目前大量定制的、特意的售楼处现象的批判——这是一种很大的浪费。我们希望建筑本身的生命历程是可以循环的，所以实际也是我们对建筑可持续性思考的一部分。

▼ 总平面图，Site Plan

▼ 剖面图，Section

Q&A about HEX-SYS 

1. Can you describe the flexibility of HEX-SYS? And how does the system respond to ‘unique’ requirements of different projects?

Li Hu: HEX-SYS is a very adaptable building system for a large spectrum of program and climate conditions, because its flexible combination of standardized modules, and flexible façade material options based on location condition and project needs. Adaptability and flexibility are the key aspects of this building system. It can be adapted to functions such as exhibition pavilion, community center, kindergarten, office, shop, restaurant or any other suitable functions. Through the use of different interior and exterior cladding materials, and the different combination of base modules, we can achieve totally different spatial experience both internally and externally.

2. What elements make this industrialized building system aesthetically pleasing?

The balance of complexity and simplicity, for both inside and outside — free flow of space, light and shadows, besides its precision and lightness.

3. As the winner in Green category of Interior Design’s Best of Year Awards, what are the most successful sustainable aspects to HEX-SYS?

A few key aspects of the sustainable outcome from using HEX-SYS are:
Minimal disturbance to the natural site during the construction and lifespan of the building;
Minimized pollution during construction compared with conventional in-situ type;
Climate-responding façade and outdoor shading units effectively minimize the cooling and heating loads;
Rainwater collection from the funnel shaped roof and the middle column that doubles up as rain-pipe.
Most important of all, building can be reused thus fundamentally expanding its life cycles, this will greatly minimize valuable resourced wasted by constructing temporary buildings.

4. How did OPEN start the exploration on mass-customization and building sustainability, and in what aspects?

This question can be traced back to the very beginning of OPEN. Back then, we saw several problems in the construction field. First, there was huge demand for buildings. Second, lots of buildings were built in haste without being properly designed. It was about the same time when the concept of mass customization emerged. We could feel the impact, particularly in the field of product design. Third, we were reflecting on the state of work of architects, and had the desire of promoting good designs to the public which is not possible in the conventional one to one client-architect type of commissions. Starting from then, the thinking of prototype and mass customization has always been a thread in our practice.

There are also considerations about how to efficiently consume resources. The reason we made these reusable building is, in fact, as a critique the current phenomenon of extraordinary amount of temporary sales pavilions constructed to promote large residential developments. Their very existence represents huge waste of the finite resources of our planet, not to mention all the extraordinary design efforts went into these short-lived buildings. We hope, not only some building materials can be recycled, but instead the whole building can be reused. It has been part of our thinking towards sustainable architecture.

项目概况
设计时间：2014 – 2015
阶段:完成
甲方:广州万科
功能: 接待、展览、洽谈区、多媒体放映、咖啡厅、办公室
建筑面积：640平方米
用地面积：5680平方米
地点：中国广州
项目团队
建筑设计：OPEN建筑事务所
主持建筑师：李虎，黄文菁
设计团队：赵耀、Andrea Antonucci、陈逸岚、胡伯骥、Thomas Batzenschlager、张畅
合作设计院：建研科技股份有限公司
景观设计：广州尚沃园林景观设计有限公司
摄影：张超
视频：Spirit of Space

PROJECT FACTS:
Design Year: 2014 – 2015
Status:Completed
Client:Vanke Guangzhou
Program: Reception, Exhibition, Lounge, Multi-media Room, Café, Office
Building Area: 640 m²
Site Area: 5680 m²
Location: Guangzhou, China
CREDIT SHEET
Design Firm: OPEN Architecture
Principals in Charge:Li Hu, Huang Wenjing
Project Team: Zhao Yao, Andrea Antonucci, Laurence Chan, Hu Boji, Thomas Batzenschlager, Zhang Chang
Local Design Institute:CABR Technology Co., Ltd
Landscape Design: Guangzhou Shangwo Landscape Design Co., Ltd
Photography: Zhang Chao
Video: Spirit of Space

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