Coal Drops Yard购物中心，伦敦 / Heatherwick Studio

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这一对狭长的维多利亚时代的仓库建筑修建于1850-60年代，是Lewis Cubitt为伦敦中央的国王十字街区制定的规划方案的一部分，曾经用于储存和中转由英格兰北部铁路运送过来的煤块。在国王十字发展协会的委托下，Heatherwick Studio将这片场地改造为了全新的购物中心。随着煤矿业的衰落，这两座双层建筑已经失去了昔日的辉煌。覆盖着斜脊屋顶、由铸铁和砖块砌筑而成的华丽体量部分已被废弃，在1990年代之前曾被用作轻工业工厂、仓库和夜店等。项目团队希望能够强调出工业建筑所拥有的独特肌理和历史，同时打造一个统一而现代的公共空间和购物目的地。

Originally part of Lewis Cubitt’s plan for King’s Cross in central London, this pair of elongated Victorian warehouses was built between the 1850s and 60s to store and transfer coal across London, delivered by rail from northern England. The studio was commissioned by the King’s Cross Development Partnership to revitalise the site into a retail quarter. The grandeur of the two-storey coal drops had faded with the demise of coal production. Crowned with slate hipped roofs, their ornate cast-iron and brick structures had become partially derelict, serving light industry, warehousing and nightclubs before partial abandonment in the 1990s. We wanted to celebrate the unique texture and history of the industrial buildings while also creating a unified new public space and retail destination.

▼购物中心是由两栋用于卸煤的仓库建筑改造而来，the original pair of Victorian warehouses was built between the 1850s and 60s to store and transfer coal across London ©Luke Hayes

项目的挑战在于要使两座破旧的建筑物和狭长的线性场地蜕变为一座活跃的购物中心，使人们可以在这里轻松地聚集和交流。在此基础上，事务所将之前从香港太古广场收获到的经验充分地利用到该项目当中。两座建筑的人字形屋顶从内侧扩展并相交，在连接两座高架桥的同时定义出庭院的位置，从而带来顺畅的交通流线。设计师并未选择在两座屋顶之间增加一个突兀的矩形结构，而是使它们向高处伸展直至交汇，最终形成一个公共庭院。这种介入方式不仅构建了一个新的楼层，还为建筑赋予了一个具有凝聚力的中央区域。

Our challenge was to transform the dilapidated buildings and long, linear site into a lively retail precinct where people could gather and circulate with ease . To develop the concept, we drew on knowledge gained from designing Hong Kong’s Pacific Place shopping mall. We proposed to extend the inner gabled roofs of the warehouses, which would link the two viaducts and define the yard, as well as creating fluid patterns of circulation. Rather than adding another rectangular element between them that would have collided with their geometry, the existing roofs rise and stretch towards each other until they touch above the public courtyard. This intervention forms a new upper storey and gives the project a central focus.

▼两座建筑的人字形屋顶从内侧扩展并相交，the inner gabled roofs of the warehouses were extended to link the two viaducts and define the yard ©Luke Hayes

▼两座屋顶的交汇形成一个公共庭院，the existing roofs rise and stretch towards each other until they touch above the public courtyard ©Luke Hayes

从抬高的屋顶上，人们可以俯瞰到南面的国王十字车站和克里克研究所，以及北面的Cubitt广场。在下方，新的屋顶带来了一个20米高的、宽敞的遮蔽空间，人们可以在这里散步、停歇或举办音乐会和表演活动。

From the elevated vantage point, visitors can survey views south to King’s Cross and the Crick Institute, or north to Cubitt Square. Beneath, the new roof creates a sheltered twenty-metre-high space for people to linger in as well as providing a venue large enough to host concerts or performances.

▼20米高的遮蔽空间，a sheltered twenty-metre-high space ©Luke Hayes

▼两座建筑在空中彼此轻轻“触碰”，two buildings lightly “touch” in mid air ©Hufton+Crow

新屋顶的形式与旧建筑焕发的光泽共同展现出一种新旧结合的独特美感。35米宽的扩建部分从原先的三角形屋顶上顺畅地延伸出来，使两座建筑物在空中彼此轻轻“触碰”。这一结构的实现依附于一个复杂的结构解决方案。为了在实现自承重结构的同时保持旧建筑的完整性，建筑中新增加了52根钢柱，它们被隐藏在陈旧的砖块背后，并由混凝土墙和核心筒来提供支撑。

An amalgam of old and new, the roof form and patina is specific to the site. The new 35-metre-wide extension was designed to flow seamlessly from the original gables and create the illusion of two buildings lightly touching in mid air. This required a complex structural solution. To create a self-supporting intervention that also preserved the integrity of heritage elements, 52 new steel columns were threaded through the existing buildings, concealed behind aged brick and iron, and shored up by concrete walls and cores.

▼扩建部分从原先的三角形屋顶上顺畅地延伸出来，the new 35-metre-wide extension was designed to flow seamlessly from the original gables ©Hufton+Crow

▼新增的顶层空间，interior view of the new added storeys ©Hufton+Crow ©Hufton+Crow

▼室内细部，detailed view

如缎带般起伏的新屋顶由20个钢制单元构成，并通过螺栓固定在四个桁架结构上，末端仍然由立柱进行支撑。64块承重玻璃板呈锯齿状排列，形成通高的幕墙，为顶层带来全景视野。屋顶上覆盖了超过8万块瓦片，屋顶处的石板则采用了与原建筑相同的、来自于威尔士采石场的材料，旨在形成统一的蓝灰色调。

Each of the curving new roof ribbons is formed of 20 steel sections bolted onto four trusses and tied back to the columns. Framing the top floor’s panoramic outlook are 64 panels of full-height structural glass arranged in a staggered, serrated pattern. The cladding of the new roof includes over 80,000 tiles and the roof slates are drawn from the same Welsh quarry as the original Victorian building to give a consistent blue-grey hue.

▼64块承重玻璃板呈锯齿状排列，形成通高的幕墙，64 panels of full-height structural glass are arranged in a staggered, serrated pattern ©Luke Hayes

除了屋顶的改造之外，建筑在历史层面上也得到了广泛的恢复。建筑师致力于维护和强调既有建筑的样貌。在必要的地方，新扩建的部分被赋予了与老式铁器、砖料、石板、木板以及鹅卵石相似的肌理和色调，与年代更近的标牌和涂鸦共同为商场带来独特的个性。

Alongside the primary design adaptation of the roof is the wider restoration of historical structures.The studio sought to enhance and adapt existing buildings as much as possible. Adopting a light touch, where necessary, new additions drew on the palette of aged ironwork, soot-stained brick, slate, timber boards and the cobbled yard of stone setts. Together with more recent signage and graffiti, these rich textures are retained, preserving the Coal Drops’ distinct character.

▼商场后方的街道，street view ©Luke Hayes

▼建筑师致力于维护和强调既有建筑的样貌，the studio sought to enhance and adapt existing buildings as much as possible ©Hufton+Crow

▼室内细部，detailed view ©Luke Hayes

购物中心的总面积为10万平方英尺，包含购物、餐饮和活动区域，一系列街道在水平和垂直方向上形成连接。商场中包含55个不同面积的零售单元，适用于从快闪店到大规模品牌店等各种类型的零售方式，与一般的扁平化购物体验形成了鲜明的对比。商场的入口位于高架桥的两端，顾客可以通过桥梁和台阶等多种方式进入庭院并在商场内自如穿行。

Giving 100,000 square feet in total for shopping, dining and events, the retail quarter is conceived of as a series of streets linked horizontally and vertically. In contrast to the homogenous experience of a shopping mall, the 55 units vary in size and accommodate a range of retailers – from fledgling pop-up stores to large-scale units for established brands. Entrances at both ends of the viaducts and multiple connections into the yard via bridges and stairs create an accessible space that encourages people to pass through and around the project naturally.

▼商场外观，exterior view ©Heatherwick Studio

©Luke Hayes

▼场地平面图，site plan

▼东立面图（外侧），east elevation (ECD)

▼西立面图（外侧），west elevation (ECD)

▼东立面图（内侧），east elevation (WCD)

▼西立面图（内侧），east elevation (WCD)

▼北立面图，north elevation

▼南立面图，south elevation

▼剖面图，sections

Project Name: Coal Drops Yard
Location: King’s Cross, London
Completion date: October 2018
Area: 100,000 sq ft
Designed by Heatherwick Studio
Design Director: Thomas Heatherwick
Group Leader: Lisa Finlay
Project Leader: Tamsin Green
Project team: Jennifer Chen, Andrew Edwards, Daniel Haigh, Phil Hall-Patch, Steven Howson, Sonila Kadillari, Michael Kloihofer, Nilufer Kocabas, Elli Liverakou, Ivan Linares Quero, Mira Naran, Ian Ng, Thomas Randall-Page, Emmanouil Rentopoulos, Dani Rossello Diez, Angel Tenorio, Takashi Tsurumaki, Pablo Zamorano
Making team: Jordan Bailiff, Einar Blixhavn, Erich Breuer, Darragh Casey, Ben Dudek, Alex Flood, Freddie Lomas, Hannah Parker, Monika Patel, Luke Plumbley, Jeff Powers
Client: Argent LLP
Developer: KCCLP / Argent LLP
Heritage Consultant: Giles Quarme & Associates
Structural / Façade Engineer: Arup
M+E / Sustainability: Hoare Lea
Lighting Designers: Speirs and Major
Cost Consultant: Gardiner and Theobald
Delivery Architect: BAM Design
Slate Manufacturer: Welsh Slate Ltd