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项目所在地，磁器口大街西片区的城市形态，具备北京旧城大杂院区域的混乱特征。大杂院的空间形态已经与其前身四合院几近无关。原有的空间情趣，宗族礼法，光气环境等场所特征随着人口数量的增加及邻里关系的改变，早已荡然无存。从类型学的角度观察，大杂院片区具备的条件和面对的问题，与圣保罗，德里或者伊斯坦布尔的贫民窟没什么区别。 混乱多样的产权和使用权，历史延续下来非法的僭卖和占有，模糊的边界，拥挤，黯淡，另人焦虑的隐私和卫生条件。
The urban condition of Ciqikou street west area, the site of this project, is semi-chaotic or could be described as a slum, which is a typical urban form in Hutong areas today in Beijing city. The local people have coined the term “messy yard”. The spatial condition of the “messy yard” is completely different from its original form as a Siheyuan Yard. The way in which people have inhabited it has changed to a large degree over time. From a typological view, the messy yards area is more like other slums which can be found everywhere in the world, such as St Paul, Delhi, or Istanbul. – Multiple land ownerships, illegally sold and bought property and occupation in history, disgracefully crowded and insanitary, lack of sunlight and fresh air…
▼改造前的大杂院，the site before renovation
另一方面，经过使用权的变更，家庭人口的增加，离去或继承。新的邻里关系达到微妙的平衡，隐形的契约束缚着物理空间形态坚实不可动。整个城市区域陷入某种困境，支撑，同时捆绑着在这里生活了一辈子的居民。这种经过数十年演化产生的城市现实，无法在短时间内被轻易改变。项目在这样的现实背景下展开。
On the other hand, over time, the residents changed, people have come and gone, immigrants of the first generations grew into large families. Invisible contrasts made between neighbors help to share the space. It seems that, the spatial condition becomes solid and unshakeable. The whole urban area becomes a prison. Residents are virtually trapped within the spaces in which they live. The urban reality may not change easily. The above description is the background of this project.
▼改造后的大杂院外观，exterior view after renovation
▼改造尽量维持现有建筑的外墙主体不动，开窗与开门均调整比例和大小，the strategy is to maintain the original structure on its original boundaries while both windows and the door are modified in position and scale
改造尽量维持现有建筑的外墙主体不动，维持业已存在，建筑与环境复杂的物理连接关系。开窗与开门均调整比例和大小，更换保温效果更好的门窗。增加连续的雨棚和落水管等必要设施。改造在既定边界内，重新整理功能，载体的相互关系，固着已经失稳的结构, 同时打破牢狱一般的空间僵局，让场所重新连接到自然和城市中。
The strategy is to maintain the original structure on its original boundaries, in order to keep the relationship between house and environment. Both windows and the door are modified in position and scale. A continuous canopy was installed. Work within the boundary is about rearranging the spatial resources, in order to relink the prison like space back to the city and nature.
▼轴测图，方案制造“寝屋”和“案屋”两个载具，axon, two new “chambers” were installed into the original room
28平方米的面积要容纳：卧室，会客，工作间，厨房，卫生间，储藏室和展示空间。方案制造两个载具，就像建筑内的小建筑，屋中的小屋。一个载具关于隐私，卧室，闺房，卫生间。另一个载具关于台面上的生活，厨房，工作间。以下我们简单把两个载具称为寝屋与案屋。案屋自己即是一个界面，两侧为更私密的内室和院子里的公用通道。案屋宏观上把一堵墙变成一个适度的体量。使建筑的边界产生了纵深。从外面看，案屋的屋面高度降低，在檐口之间撕开裂缝，实现新的采光机会，并不会造成隐私困扰。大大增加了冬季室内阳光的进光量。
For the multiple aims, the strategy is about two “boxes”, “installations” or “chambers” in the original room. They are “room for table” and “room for privacy”. We call them RT and RP. The “RT” is a boundary within itself. The two sides are outside the public corridor and inside a private space. More generally, the “table room” changed the boundary from a wall into a volume. Outside the volume, for recreating of part of the roof, there are new possibilities for windows, 3 meters high, which one can open for sunlight; but without the need to sacrifice privacy.
▼室内空间概览，an overview of the interior
案屋墙面通过扩大基础，钢筋拉接和整体浇注，加强了已有的结构。重建的钢筋混凝土屋面与地面层完全不同，充足的日光，开阔的视野，为居住者提供了一个更有尊严感的场所。
The new structure is a construct inside the original wall, which has been strengthened. In addition, the reinforced concrete roof is stable enough for people’s weight. Open views and plenty of sun light come together to create a pleasant space.
▼剖面图，section
案屋内部，首先多重幕帘系统代替了单一的窗帘，可以提供多种隐私和采光的可能。同时，一个可开启的中轴大隔扇玻璃将空间分成厨房和工作间两部分。居住者是个热爱烹饪的年轻姑娘，扩大的厨房满足了她对这个小房间的特殊要求。同时，可开启的隔扇和连贯的大桌面，又使厨房和工作间之间可以互相让渡。工作台上方，预留和设置一面可上人的天窗。
Inside the “RT”, double curtains function in several ways, controlling the light and privacy conditions. A rotatable window divides the “RT” into two independent rooms. A kitchen and a Studio. This plan meets the needs of the homeowner, as she loves to cook. When the window rotates, the table can be used on both sides, meaning the space on the table can be fully utilized and shared by both rooms. The skylight above the table also functions as an access to the roof.
▼案屋承载了台面上的生活：厨房以及工作间， “room for table” includes the kitchen and the studio
▼可开启的隔扇和连贯的大桌面使厨房和工作间互相让渡，the large window is openable which links both sides of the table
▼工作台上方，预留和设置一面可上人的天窗，the skylight above the table also functions as an access to the roof
▼工作台近景，a shot of the desk
寝屋与案屋相对，安置在房间最深处。钢龙骨和木胶合板共同完成一个轻结构的体量。它更像拔步床，除了床本身，还囊括承载了卫生间，化妆间，衣橱等私密功能。同时，它的顶面也成为一个私密的小角落。一个独处，阅读，思考的空间。室内的绝大部分储藏功能都埋伏在案屋和寝屋的台面之下。因此两个“盒子”之间的空间得以留白，允许多种功能，事件发生，比如娱乐室，客厅，或家庭起居空间。
The other side of the house is the “RP”, which is constructed by a light steel structure and plywood. This “chamber” is more like a Chinese traditional “Babu bed” which is both a bed as well as a bedroom. There are spaces for a bathroom, wardrobe, dressing room, etc. There is also a “roof space” on the top of the “bedroom” which provides a personal space for the homeowner, who can have a rest, read or meditate there. Most storage spaces are hidden under the table or bed. Thus, the place between two rooms could be a totally empty space for uncertain functions. Like a party room, family room, or play room.
▼寝屋与案屋相对，the “room for privacy” is opposite the “room for table”
▼钢龙骨和木胶合板共同完成一个轻结构的体量，the room is constructed with a light steel structure and plywood
▼寝屋还承载了卫生间，化妆间，衣橱等私密功能，the RP includes the spaces for bathroom, wardrobe and dressing room
从平面角度看，室内空间由南至北，呈现集约，放松，集约的节奏关系。松紧疏密产生节奏，使用者不致在狭小混乱中断送尊严。同时，这个松紧疏密向室外延伸。相对放松的室外空间也就加入到整个空间序列之中。院中更换小部分铺地材料，也为这种延伸所产生的连贯性产生提示作用。
According to the plan, functions within the house have been compressed into two defined spaces, leaving the centre completely free from the chaos which defined the the house completely prior to the plan being enacted. This has thus provided a sense of dignity for those using the space, as well as a sense of comfort. The space can thus also been seen as a sequence, the home being subdivided into both spaces made up entirely of functional aspects as well as spaces defined by clarity. In addition, a small section near the entrance was repaved, creating a bridge between the home itself and its outer environment, as well as extending this sequence outward.
▼寝屋顶面是一个独处、阅读、思考的空间， the top surface of the “bedroom” provides a personal space for reading and relaxing
▼室内空间由南至北，呈现集约，放松，集约的节奏关系，according to the plan, functions within the house have been compressed into two defined spaces, leaving the centre completely free from the chaos
方案的一系列动作，形成某种有效地策略，希望对牢狱一般的大杂院居住环境，起到某种刺激和改变，从而形成进一步的演化过程。
The strategy is experimental, the installation of two “boxes” cooperate with the original building, and at the same time keeping the relationship with its neighbors. It is my hope that this plan may be a way to stimulate further changes in the environment and urban fabric.
▼屋顶天台，rooftop
▼场地平面图，site plan
▼平面图，plan
混境演化 – 磁器口大街杂院微改造
察社办公室 (www.chaoffice.com)
邮箱: chaobeijing@outlook.com
完成日期: 2017
面积: 28 m2
地点: 北京
主创建筑师: 成直
摄影: 成直，侯文
Project Name：evolution of the chaos – the renovation of a Hutong house in Ciqikou street, Beijing
Architecture Firm: Chaoffice
Office website: www.chaoffice.com
Contact Email: chaobeijing@outlook.com
Completion year:2017
Built Area: 28 m2
Project location:Beijing
Lead Architect: Cheng,Zhi
Photographer: Cheng,Zhi Hou,Wen
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