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Qalma是一座占地面积很小的垂直公寓楼，因此，基地的绿化率很高，这样做既尊重了该场地上现有的林地，也保护了基地上90%的现有树木。

Qalma is a vertical condominium which is developed in a reduced footprint, leaving a large percentage of green area, respecting the existing wooded area in the property and conserving 90% of all the trees grown on the site.

▼公寓楼外观，exterior view of the condominium

该项目的设计概念的出发点是如何在一座垂直的公寓楼中定义和阐述自然定律；因为这对于居住空间、尤其是本项目这种高层垂直公寓楼来说，是一个必须要解决和探讨的话题：居住空间必须要满足其住户的日常需求，优先考虑提高住户的生活质量的途经，而这一切，都可以通过将自然环境引入公寓房间和公寓楼的公共空间内来解决；实现这个目标的第一步是将公共区域作为塔楼内的首要考虑因素，这样，人们便可以将感受和体验整合到公寓的室内外空间之中。因此，在本项目中，公共区域位于公寓楼顶部的三层空间内，创造出一种与高度有关的空间体验。实现上述目标的另一个方法是将自然与项目的垂直性联系在一起，将绿化元素设置在塔楼的四周，从而在立面上创造出一种自然的环境。

A fundamental issue in the conceptualization of the project is the definition and interpretation of biophilia implemented in a vertical tower of apartments; inhabiting a space and in this case in particular a vertical condominium, must be resolved to meet the needs of its inhabitants, the priority is to improve the quality of life of those who inhabit the architecture, this can be achieved by integrating nature within the apartments and within common areas; A first approach to achieve this is by enabling common areas with privileged locations within the tower, in this way we can integrate the experience not only inside apartments but also outside them, the common areas are located in the last three levels of the tower, creating experiential relationships in height, another implemented method was to bring nature within the verticality of the project and inscribe it around the perimeter of the tower, the idea is to create a natural environment in height.

▼公寓楼正立面外观，建筑占地面积很小，使得基地绿化率很高，elevation view of the condominium that is developed in a reduced footprint, leaving a large percentage of green area

▼公寓楼外观局部，采用混凝土和金属结构，partial exterior view of the condominium made of concrete and metal structures

▼公寓楼东北立面，设有整墙的金属结构，the northeast elevation with entire metal structures

公寓楼外立面上的绿植很大程度上缓解了建筑内部所产生的热量，更为重要的是，这些绿植在身心健康的层面上为住户带来了很大的益处，举个例子，在森林中穿行或者置身于森林之中是可以降低血压、降低血液中的肾上腺素水平、缓解焦虑的情绪、提高注意力和记忆力、减少患抑郁症、高血压和心血管疾病等的可能性的。因此，在本项目中，建筑师通过建筑设计和景观设计，来构建住户与自然之间的联系。

▼公寓楼立面垂直绿化俯视图，the top view of the vertical green on the facade of the condominium

The vegetation incorporated in the verticality of the facades of the building generates a considerable thermal load reduction inside the building but more important are the health benefits that it causes to its inhabitants, for example, a walk through the forest or the simple fact of Being surrounded by vegetation can lower blood pressure, lower adrenaline levels in the blood, reduce anxiety, improve concentration and memory, reduce the likelihood of suffering from depression, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases, generate this connection between inhabitant and nature carries out from the architectural design and landscaping.

▼公寓楼外观局部，金属结构可为种植容器提供支撑空间，partial exterior view of the condominium, the metal structure provides supporting space for the planters

▼公寓楼外观局部，partial exterior view of the condominium

▼公寓楼外观局部，金属结构可用于支撑公寓阳台的种植池，partial exterior view of the condominium, the metal structure can support planters that perch on the balconies of each apartment distributed throughout the tower

▼公寓楼外观局部，立面上引入绿化，partial exterior view of the condominium with the vegetation on the verticality of the facade

▼立面绿化细节，details of the facade vegetation

本项目的材料选择基于三个重要条件和主要指导方针，分别是美学意义、延长建筑寿命和使用当地材料等。因此，建筑师选择混凝土作为本项目的主要结构、基础和房基，同时，也将暴露在外的清水混凝土作为一个重要的建筑元素，配合着反复出现的模块化混凝土面板，构建出一种和谐的建筑和空间关系。此外，不同材料之间的过渡也是本项目设计的一个重点，建筑师诚实地面对每一种材料，不对其做任何多余的处理，而是让它们保持自己原有的状态。而金属结构作为本项目的辅助结构体系，被用于公寓楼的建设上，以满足三个不同的目的：第一个目的是在公寓楼的整个东北立面上构建起一个绿色的屏障，第二个目的是为塔楼中每个阳台上的花盆等种植容器提供支撑空间和结构，第三个目的则是在公寓楼最上面两层的设备空间和露台空间中形成屋檐。

▼公寓楼上层的公共露台空间外观，金属结构作为屋檐提供了遮阳空间，exterior view of the public terrace space on the upper floor of the condominium, the metal structure acts as eave for shading

▼公寓楼上层的公共露台空间，结合绿植，享有极好的景观视野，the public terrace space on the upper floor of the condominium with vegetation and good scenery view

▼从公共露台向外看，viewing outside from the public terrace space

▼公寓楼顶层的公共泳池和露台空间，the public pool and terrace space on the roof

The materiality of the project was raised under three conditions and main guidelines, aesthetics, longevity and the implementation of local materials; the concrete was raised as the main structure, base and foundations of the building, but also as an architectural element that will remain largely exposed, the modulation of the concrete panels was a recurring theme since it was proposed that it reflect harmony and relationship between all his parts; the transitions between different materials were resolved as part of the design, being honest with their composition, without being covered and leaving the materials in evidence; the metal structure works as secondary structural elements, these are placed to satisfy three different purposes, the first is to raise vertical green screens over the entire north-east façade, the second purpose is to support planters that perch on the balconies of each apartment distributed throughout the tower, the third purpose is to generate eaves, mainly in the amenities and terraces of the last two levels of the tower.

▼公寓楼入口大堂，局部双层通高，the entrance hall of the condominium with part of double-height space

▼公寓楼入口大堂，内饰面采用清水混凝土面板，the entrance hall of the condominium with exposed concrete panels

▼公寓室内空间，设有种植着植物的大阳台，interior space of the apartment with the large balcony housing the vegetation

本项目位于哥斯达黎加的El Coyol de Alajuela地区，该地区与工业和商业发展为主。作为一种新型的住房形式，Qalma是该地区第一座高层的垂直公寓楼，因此，它也在该地区内创造了一种前所未有、与众不同的社区体验。

Located in El Coyol de Alajuela, an area marked by industrial and commercial development, Qalma is introduced as a new housing option, at the time of its construction it is the first vertical condominium in the area, and for this reason it creates an experience of community different from what existed in the area.

▼公寓楼外观夜景，exterior view of the condominium at night

▼公寓楼入口夜景，night view of the entrance of the condominium

▼居住空间平面图，floor plan of the living levels

▼带有露台的居住空间平面图，floor plan of the living levels with the terrace

▼公寓平面放大图1，the layout plan of the apartment 1

▼公寓平面放大图2，the layout plan of the apartment 2

▼公寓平面放大图3，the layout plan of the apartment 3

PROJECT: Qalma
YEAR: started, 2016 / ended 2019
TYPOLOGY: Residential
AREA: 9,280m² Vertical Project. First Stage
STATUS: Built
LOCATION: Coyol, Alajuela, Costa Rica

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