Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm Center by Max Dudler

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在柏林市中心距离著名的博物馆岛和Friedrichstrasse火车站不远的地方，耸立着洪堡大学新建的中央图书馆。学校分散在柏林各图书馆的馆藏，经过了200余年的等待，终于得以集中安置。这座新建的Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm中心是德国最大的开架图书馆，将同时容纳学校的信息中心，图书馆管理部门，教室以及会客区。

Humboldt University has had a new central library erected right in the center of Berlin, only a few minutes walk from the famous museum island and Friedrichstrasse station. It will bring together – for the first time in the university’s 200-year history – collections previously housed in separate libraries strewn throughout the city. The new Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm Center is the largest open-shelving library in Germany and also contains the university computer center, library administration as well as classrooms and meeting areas.

▽ 建筑与周边环境，surrounding area

从城市规划的角度来说，柏林是一座扁平化的城市，除了公共建筑外的所有建筑物都必须遵守22米的限高要求。图书馆是集体知识的实体化，为了突出其公众性，建筑的部分体量将突破限高，达到38米，融入附近象征着城市文化的博物馆岛的城市轮廓中。同时，也为所在地区让出一块开放空间，沿铁路高架形成条形的城市广场，以容纳图书馆每日进出的大量人流。

In terms of urban planning, we bore in mind the fact that Berlin in a very flat city, tending more toward the horizontal than vertical, whose buildings are as a rule no more than 22 meters tall – with the exception of public buildings. In order to mark the significance of the library as a public place of collected knowledge and as an urban architectural emblem of the book, one part of the building was designed to cross the lines of the upper city limits. Towering 38 meters high, this part of the building thrusts itself into the silhouette of the cultural landscape created by the nearby museum island. The concentration of a majority of the building functions in this section allows room for a nearby opening in the fabric of Berlin’s Dorotheenstadt, creating the space for a small city square along the S-Bahn viaduct. This square serves as an entryway for a large number of the library’s daily patrons.

▽ 正立面与前广场，front façade and forecourt

▽ 图书馆与天际线，The library as part of the city‘s skyline

穿过前广场进入建筑，便可来到瘦长的，与铁路高架等高的前厅。如瀑布般倾泻的光线洒满前厅，让其成为进入建筑的核心区域 – 大阅览室之前空间序列上的铺垫。

From the forecourt, one arrives in the center of the elongated, two-story foyer, whose height lines up with the S-Bahn viaduct opposite. This room, which lies to the south of the forecourt, forms a light-flooded prelude in a refined succession of rooms leading to the heart of the building, the great reading room.

▽ 入口大厅，Foyer facing towards forecourt

大阅览室内部台地状，建筑南侧高起的体量阻隔了南向阳光的直射。阅览室庞大的空间体量和退阶的结构设计模糊了室内外的界限，自然光线透过玻璃屋顶进入，抬头便可看见天上的朵朵云彩，在大阅览室中阅读仿佛置身室外。

The great reading room (the taller section of the building protects it from direct southern light) was arranged in receding levels. Through its size and its many-tiered, almost scenic design, the space effects a sense of the outdoors, which is further emphasized by the large plates of glass used in the “sky” glazing. An unobstructed view of the clouds nearly gives one the feeling of reading under the open sky.

▽ 大阅览室，reading room

由于在一个大型集中阅览空间和数个小型阅览室孰优孰劣中难以作出抉择，建筑师最终决定将两种空间形式一并采纳。图书馆250万的藏书与巨型的多层空间相连接；阅读区分散在每一层台阶上，其周围则是电脑工作区。大阅览室成为了一个可以容纳不同小工作环境的大空间，而在知识的号召下，校内校外人员的区别也被彻底抹去。

The debate over whether it would be better to have one central reading room or a number of smaller decentralized rooms ended with the decision to have both: all 2.5 million items in the library’s collection are accessible from the huge, multi-leveled hall; reading areas are spread over the tiers of the great room, among them computer work areas. The reading room is therefore a central space that also makes decentralized work possible. Thus, different areas of study are brought together in the spirit of Humboldt and visitors are invited, in truest sense of the words, to cross the boundaries between them.

▽ 使用中的大阅览室，reading room  in use

▽ 阅览室看向书架，reading room, view into the library

尽管空间深度和内部设施的放置密度都到达了一定数量级，但建筑本身和内部设施严格一致的高度和宽度，仍给建筑带来了令人惊喜的通透性和开放性。使用者站在建筑的每一个角落，都可以毫无阻挡地看到建筑的另一侧。为了简化内部空间结构，一切设备都沿着中心轴线对称布置，包括大阅览室。建筑技术服务于书籍和读者，确保两者间的联系不被干扰。沿建筑立面放置的，可移动扩展的岛状阅览台是对中央大阅览室功能的额外补充。室内空间最精彩的部分是一个24米高的巨型书架，那里保存了Grimm 兄弟最珍贵的藏书。从高处的平台眺望，则可一览柏林的全景。

Despite the great depth of the building and the density of its interior furnishings, the library possesses a surprising porousness and openness. The source of this lies in the consistency of heights and widths throughout the building, born out in both the architecture and the furnishings. From almost any point within the building, patrons can see out of, or rather through, the building. To accommodate the desire for simple orientation, the interior of the building was organized symmetrically around a central axis. Through this symmetry, the reading room obtains a counterpart. For the purpose of its construction, architectural techniques were used to design a room of books and their readers, a room whose identity is tied to the significance of past libraries. As a complement to the introverted, central reading room, flexible and expandable reading islands have been arranged along the library façade. The real highlight of the interior is in the 24-meter high research library, where the valuable contents of the Grimm Brothers’ collection are preserved. From this lofty balcony, one has a panoramic view over the city of Berlin, as Eduard Gärtner once did.

▽ 阅览室看向入口大厅，Reading room, view into the foyer

▽ 阅览室一楼，first floor of reading room

▽ 沿立面放置的工作区，peripheral work stations near the façade

立面石墙结构上大小不一的开口巧妙地暗示着其后空间的功能。壁柱的间距和平面布置相呼应，根据开放式书架或阅读区而有所不同，并不可超过1.5米。

The façades subtly reveal the function of the building behind them through varying openings in the stone body of the structure. The distances between the pilasters in the façade, which are determined by the ground plan and vary by as much as 1.5 meters (and can also be understood as the spines of books), have an internal connection with the functions of the open stacks and reading areas.

▽ 立面夜景，façade nightview

▽ （左）立面，facade；（右）内部过道，Passageway on the inside of the façade

立面上，经过高压水处理的淡黄色大理石带有让人印象深刻的自然肌理。在室内，可使用的色彩被限定在浅灰、深灰、红木色、深红和深绿中，以营造安静平和的空间氛围。开放式书架由亮光黑色垫层，哑光黑灰色钢架制成，而墙壁和天花都处理成纯白色。

The façade was erected using yellow-veined Treuchtlingen marble which makes a strong impression through its natural stone structure, emphasized by a high-pressure water treatment. In the interior decor, calmness and clarity are achieved by reducing the color palette to just a few tones: white-gray, black-gray, reddish wood (black cherry), dark red and dark green surfaces. The open stacks have been built using glossy black linoleum floors, matte black-gray steel shelves and walls and ceilings painted white.

▽ 大理石立面，marble facade

阅览室，阅读角的墙面和天花以及入口大厅的固定装置使用了美国樱桃木贴面。而入口大厅和与阶梯等大量人流经过的地方，则使用了和外立面同样的淡黄色大理石。

Special areas such as the reading rooms, reading alcoves and the fixtures of the main entrance hall have been covered with wall and ceiling paneling in a veneer of American cherry wood. Areas of heavy foot traffic such as the main entrance hall and the reading room’s open stairway have been outfitted with natural stone flooring made of the same Treuchtlingen marble used for the façade.

▽ 主楼梯，main staircase

▽ 前厅往阅览室视角，View from the foyer into the reading room

▽ 前厅咖啡室，Café in the foyer

▽ （左）书架，Bookshelves in the library ；（右）阅读角，Work alcove

阅读桌和灯具同样经过了一体化的考虑。台灯灯罩上半部分使用的半透明石英玻璃参考了旧时阅览室台灯的样式。在入口大厅处，墙面上展示了一系列由纽约艺术家Arun Kuplas创作的关于洪堡大学的摄影作品。

Reading tables and table lamps are also part of the architectural design. The translucent quartzite glass used in the upper part of table lampshades makes reference to the table lamps in historical reading rooms. In the main entrance hall, a series of photographic panels depicting Humboldt University by New York artist Arun Kuplas were integrated into the wall covering.

▽ 六层科技阅览室，Scientific reading room on 6th floor

为了最大程度地利用天花的热质量并让室内温度舒适宜人，建筑并未吊顶天花。建筑所有的自动化设备都直接安装在地板或混凝土天花板上。天花上的通风孔激活了混凝土的热质量，裸露的天花慢慢变冷，同时吸收室内的热能。

In order to make full use of the thermal mass of the ceilings and to make the climate of the rooms as pleasant as possible, suspended ceilings were avoided. All building automation fixtures have been placed in the floor or in the concrete ceilings. The air circulation vents in the ceiling activate the thermal mass of the concrete. The bare ceilings are thereby cooled and, in turn, absorb the warmth of the rooms.

▽ 线图，line drawings

Building name: Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm Centre, Berlin
Location: Geschwister-Scholl-Straße 1 10117 Berlin
Client: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Building utilization: Central Library of Humboldt University of Berlin, Computer and Media Services Central Unit
Dimensions: usable service area 21.850 m2/ total surface area 37.460 m2/ total room volume 138.570 m3
Planning and construction period: 2005–2009
Construction costs: 75 million euros
Architect: MAX DUDLER
Project coordination: PROCON
Project managers: Andreas Enge, Jochen Soydan
Contributors: Andrea Deckert, Gesine Gummi
Construction management: Ingenieurbüro Peter Widell
Structural engineers: Leonhardt, Andrä und Partner Beratende Ingenieure VBI AG
Building services: ZWP Ingenieur-AG
Fire prevention: Müller-BBM Brandschutz GmbH
Landscaping: Max Dudler with Lützow 7 C. Müller J. Wehberg Garten- und Landschaftsarchitekten
Art acquisition: Arun Kuplas/New York, Dr. Ruth Tesmar/Berlin, Rolf Wicker/Berlin
Photographer: Stefan Müller
Press contact: Alexander Bonte, Greta Egle