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伦敦建筑事务所AUDB设计的一座大学教学楼近日于土耳其伊兹密尔落成，项目成为区域政府研究发展计划的一部分。近十年，土耳其的教育领域一直处于急速发展中。仅2012到2014两年间，大学生人数便增长了121%，达到5500000人。学生数量的增长促进了教学质量的提高，学校在国际上的排名也一路攀升，尤其引人注目的是在过去30年间陆续创立的各私立高校。

历史悠久的伊兹密尔坐落于土耳其西部爱琴海地区伊兹密尔湾的底部，是土耳其的第三大城市。其旧称士麦那圣经中有所提及，这里也作为希腊诗人荷马的出生地为人所知。一战前的士麦那是公认的国际大都市，居住着希腊人、亚美尼亚人、欧洲人、土耳其人，以及来自巴尔干半岛、高加索、阿拉伯和非洲的商人和移民，各类文化在此交相辉印。遗憾的是受希土战争的波及，城市在1922年毁于大火，战后城市依据现代城市规划的理论进行了重建。

The London based office AUDB has just completed a university classroom building in Izmir Turkey as a part of their on going commitment to research and development projects in the region. The academic sector in Turkey is a fast growing field focused on innovation and quality. Over the last decade Turkey has put a large emphasis on higher education with university student growth of 121% between 2012 and 2014 in line with the BRIC countries. Reaching 5.5 million in 2014. This growth in higher education is also having a positive affect on the quality of education with a sustained increase in world ranking. The key to this growth has been the private Foundation Universities that have been established over the last 30 years.

The City of Izmir lies on the Aegean Coast of Turkey at the bottom of the Bay of Izmir. The 3rd largest city of Turkey, Izmir has a grand and dramatic history. The city was called Smyrna until the founding of the Turkish republic in 1923 when the name was changed to Izmir. Smyrna was the birthplace of Homer and is mentioned in the Bible. Before the First World War Smyrna was a multi cultural city and arguably one of the most Cosmopolitan metropolitan areas in the world. A mixture of Greek, Armenian, European and Turkish, peppered with traders and immigrants from the Balkans, Caucasus, Arabia and Africa. In 1922 the city was devastated by fire at the end of the Greco-Turkish War. After the war the city was rebuilt according to Modernist principles.

▽ 建筑、校园与城市，building、campus and the city

伊兹密尔财经大学建于2003年，隶属于伊兹密尔商会。学校新校区将于2016年开始筹建，以分散现今聚集在巴尔乔瓦校区的7500名学生。

Izmir University of Economics was established as a foundation university in 2003 by the Izmir Chamber of Commerce. It has 7500 students in a single campus in the Balcova district, with plans to expand to a new campus starting in 2016.

在本项目的设计过程中建筑师遇到了不少挑战，首先是如何平衡局促场地和大量功能需求间的矛盾。巴尔乔瓦校区已建有7个不同院系的大楼，这座外语教学大楼利用所有可用面积实现最大的承载能力。

The design of the new Foreign Language Building at Izmir University of Economics offered a variety of challenges to the Architects. The first one being the amount of functions needed for a limited allocated space. The Balcova Campus is a densely built campus with 7 Faculties and the new building would fill the allowable built space to full capacity.

▽ 从校门口看建筑，view form the campus entrance

▽ 从现状教学楼看建筑，view from another classroom building

做为仅有少量办公室和公共交往空间的教学楼，课室刻板的建筑平面给建筑师在处理和组织空间上带来了许多限制。大量的教学楼最终都沦为由双边式走廊串起的、连续而乏味的教学空间。

The main function of the building is a classroom building, with additional support functions such as offices, common- and social spaces. Classroom buildings are very strict archetypes that are challenging to any variation of spatial or organizational manipulation. Normally this is a plan consisting of a corridor with classrooms on either side.

▽ 建筑沿街立面，street façade

为了满足业主提出的教学办公无纸化要求，建成的教学楼中将运用大量最新的数字化科技手段，建筑师通过研究确定了与该手段相适应的建筑平面，同时考虑到空间使用的灵活性，提出了多种座位布局模式。内部空间设计沿用了校园内现行的设计规格，在建筑后侧与现有教学楼相通的部分实现了无缝连接。

The brief for the building was developed with the client with the aim to provide facilities for the most advanced contemporary technologies with flexible and paperless offices and classrooms. This lead to a research into the optimal spatial geometry to allow for both the use of digital technology variety of seating plans. The design of the interior kept an existing stripped back design specifications in place in the existing buildings on site, in order to seamlessly link the new internal spaces to the existing.

▽ 教室，classroom

建筑的设计概念希望能够过传达语言的历史演化、关系以及学习，最终确定为内敛与连接。建筑需要承载了教室和配套两个不同的功能。在一层，两种功能的空间布置都具有较强的引导性，并在竖向交通空间交汇。数量众多的课室集中分布在建筑上层，沿用了传统的双边式走廊。微微倾斜的体量在平面也有所体现，每一层的格局与下层相比，都有着一定的偏移。

The concept for the building is closely related to the historical evolution, relation and learning of languages;

Convergence and connections. The functions are split into two main groups; the classrooms and the support spaces. On the ground floor these two functions are organized as directional spaces that cross over and converge at the vertical circulation location. The classroom requirements are significantly more than support spaces. These aim to merge at the top of the building as a traditional corridor/classroom archetype. This reinforces the idea of conversion in the building section, as the plan morphs from one to the other.

▽ 建筑入口空间，entrance

▽ 地面层空间使用前，ground floor

▽ 地面层空间使用中，ground floor cafeteria

倾斜的场地为建筑两侧带来了较大的高度差异。通过内部空间的设计，建筑将两侧场地顺利的衔接在一起，同时也联接了建筑与其它现状建筑的室内空间。

The building is at a level junction between upper and lower levels of the university site. The convergent/connection concept is used to connect various different levels of the site as well as upper and lower buildings.

▽ 倾斜的场地，slope outside the building

建筑的各层平面都与之对应的主题色彩，颜色提取自学校授课语言所属国家的国旗。

Each floor of the building is identified with it’s own colour. These are related to the flags of the various countries which language is taught at the University as the second foreign language after Turkish and English.

▽ 多彩的平面，colors for each floor

▽ 每一层的主题色在交通空间汇聚重叠，让交通空间如彩虹般多彩，different theme colors converge at the staircase

自由灵活的无纸化办公室可容纳多达100位的老师同时工作，开放的工作环境让老师可以随自身需求选择工作时间和工作方式。

The building provides flexible paperless work-spaces for the teachers in open office environments. The office environment for a population of 100 teachers provides multiple ways and opportunities for working styles, giving teachers ways of working when and how they prefer.

▽ 开放的工作环境，open office environments

建筑摒弃了现代办公建筑常用的钢结构加玻璃幕墙的建筑形式，以避免随之而来的对环境的负面影响。传统的实体墙壁以及其上根据内部功能和日照分析定位的开窗，给建筑内部带来变化无穷的光影关系，教室的照明情况也可根据教学需要作出相应的调整。

Tectonically the building tries to avoid the glass/steel typology of modernist office buildings. These solutions tend to create large problems with environmental controls of buildings. Rather the architecture goes back to traditional and contextual solutions. Solid walls are expressed with emphasized penetration for fenestration. These window punctures are based on internal functions as well as solar analysis. Sun and daylight in the building changes through the day and the season, and the teaching spaces offer a variety of light and shade conditions to suit different teaching styles.

▽ 墙面与开窗，solid walls and windows

实体的建筑让建筑师得以利用重量、特性、图案和柱体的元素做出有趣的细节变化。建筑的两个主体量在底端的入口处仿佛依靠在一起，但又留下了一线光明，让人联想起自然中的岩洞。类似的强烈对比随处可见，比如一层通透咖啡厅和其上部巨大而“沉重”的体量，以及内部通高垂直空间的虚实对比。

The solidity of the building is played with as elements of nature, weight, scape and patterns. The two main masses of the building converge over the lower entrance space, creating a powerful gap adjacency over the entrance, reminiscence of natural caves. The same approach can be seen in the “heavy” mass sitting over the very open ground floor café, or the enclosed inner courtyard.

▽ 入口空间和一线天，lower entrance space and the gap

▽ 通透与“沉重” ，“heavy” mass and the open café

设计希望给本应密集而刻板的建筑空间带来通透、变化、色彩和特征。科技的分量再重，也永远取代不了设计美学带给我们的愉悦。

The design attempts to bring a sense of space, variety, colour and identity to a dense occupation of a strict archetype. Technology is a driving factor, but is not made to dominate the design aesthetic in any way.

▽ 总平面图，site plan

▽ 设计分析，design diagram

▽ 地面层平面，ground floor；一层平面，first floor

▽ 二层平面，second floor；七层平面，seventh floor

▽ 剖面，sections

Design Team: Lead / Project Architects; Gudjon Thor Erlendsson (AUDB – Architecture & Urban Design Bureau), Özlem Akın (IEU), & Michael Young (IEU)
Site Architect/project manager: Hüsnü Alpan
Design Team: Yağmur Arıcı, Mehtap Altuğ,
Structural Engineers: Ardalı Ltd. Şti.
Electricity : Özyavru Ltd.Şti.;
Mechanics : Egetek Ltd. Şti.
Main Contractor: Kuryap Ltd. Şti.
Control: İzmir Ekonomi Üniversitesi Denetim Ekibi / Arch. Mehtap Altuğ, Civ. Eng. Berna Kaya, Elec. Eng. Tevfik Sungur, Mec. Eng. Nadir Tahta
Client: Izmir University of Economics
Photographs: Argun Tanriverdi

Drawings: AUDB – Architecture & Urban Design Bureau
English Text: AUDB – Architecture & Urban Design Bureau
Chinese Text: gooood

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