“Cultural Court”—Scheme Design for mixed use community center in Kangjian Neighbourhood, Xuhui, Shanghai
建筑设计：渐境设计（SPACE CUBE DESIGN LAB）
项目业主：上海徐汇区政府
项目地点：中国上海上海市徐汇区
类型：社区综合
占地面积：4,080.63平方米
建筑面积：12,074平方米
功能安排：生鲜超市、社区老年学校、文化中心
建筑年份：2015
Architect: Space Cube Design Lab (Shanghai Office)
Client: Shanghai Xu hui District Government
Location: Xu hui District, Shanghai, China
Type: Community Center
Site area: 4,080.63 sqm
Building area: 12,074 sqm
Programs: Supermarket, College for the elderly, Culture center
Year: 2015
– 公园里开放式的文化会馆
现代大都市超负荷的人口密度让人们愈发充满对自然的向往。建筑在提供给人们各种功能空间的同时，也在“蚕食”着大自然的绿色。公园——成为人们闲暇之余最为乐意前往的场所。本方案试图提出一种让自然再生的概念，将这种不利的“蚕食”降到最低。为周边居民打造一个公园里开放式的“城市会客厅”。
– Public “Cultural Court”
Nowadays, over-dense population in metropolitan making people desire even more about nature. Architecture which provides varied function zones for human beings, at the same time, also invades nature. Under this condition, Parks became the favorite of people in cities during their free time.This scheme is proposing an idea of reintroducing nature within architecture, avoiding the invasion. And this garden-style building will present as one “Reception Hall” in the city.
– 友好的邻里关系
为缓解百花街狭窄的空间感受和交通压力，我们有意将建筑主体后退。留下两层高的裙房作为过渡。并在建筑的底层设置南北贯通的内街。为降低建筑对东侧居民区的不利影响，将建筑的主广场设置在二楼，广场与住宅间被地面道路阻隔，辅以绿化遮挡，噪音和视线干扰被大大弱化。留给此处居民的只是幽幽的绿色花园，和远处绿树掩映的建筑。
面对浦北路，建筑没有紧压用地红线，而是适当后退，平缓的绿坡将主要人流分散到绿化屋面广场。建筑首层绝大部分隐藏于绿化之中，给原本略显乏味的街道带来前所未有的、舒适的空间体验。
鉴于项目周边大部分的多层建筑均是坡屋面造型，我们也将多功能厅部分作坡顶处理，以对环境作出友好呼应。
– Friendly to existing buildings
In order to relief the spatial limitation and alleviate traffic pressure of Baihua Street, we deliberately put the main part of the building backwards, saving the two story podiums as a buffer zone. With the consideration of better space feeling from south to north, we design one inner street on the ground floor. And to reduce the negative impact of residential units on the east side, we put the main plaza at the second level. The plaza and residential units are divided by road and also green belts.
Facing Pubei Road, the building is also pushed back from plot outline. The ramp gradually separates circulations to the green roof top. By hiding most of the ground floor within the green space, a unique spatial experience will be created for the old street.
– 立体交叉的交通组织
机动车通过用地最东面的道路引入北面的地下车道。非机动车也从这条道路到达北面的停放区。超市的货运车辆由百花街进入其独立的卸货区；不对区内人流造成影响。
超市入口设在百花街和内街。老年人学校则在浦北路一侧布置出入口，老年人可以无障碍使用。社区中心的入口可在一层与老年人学校共用，也可选择通过一层屋顶的绿化广场进入。
– Multi-level Traffic arrangement
Vehicles and non-vehicles all access the north parking space through the east guiding roads. Market vans access its own loading dock through Baihua Street, with minimum impact on circulation.
– 巧妙的功能布局：
我们将功能分成三大部分—生鲜超市、社区老年学校和文化中心。我们把超市入口空间及老年学校放置在一层，并将一层全部用绿化包裹。形成一座“绿色的山丘公园”。文化中心就建筑在这座“山丘”之上。市民可以通过室外坡道和台阶上至一层的绿色屋顶，进入其中。由于超市和老年学校被隐匿在绿色山丘之中，使得建筑的“外露部分”大大减少。对城市环境的视觉压力随之大大降低。与邻里建筑的关系变得和谐。
– Function zone layout
The space is made by three parts: Fresh Food Market, Community School for the Elder and Cultural Center. We arrange the entrance to the market and the school at the same level. Covered by green areas, it forms a “Green hill park”. The cultural center is located at the top of the hill. Residents could make us of the exterior ramp as well as stairs to access the building from the green rooftop. Due to the fact that the market and school are hidden under the rooftop, it will largely reduce the visual tension of the whole site thus create continuity with surrounding buildings.
– 开放式的空间处理
我们将建筑做“回”字形布局，中间是一个向上逐渐变大的中庭。这不仅大大改善了建筑内部的采光，而且也便于各层的使用者了解其他楼层的活动。另外，将中庭的东南角向浦北路打开，把建筑变成一个城市舞台，将内部活动展示给过往行人。同时，通过把底层的超市入口部分西移让其与社区中心之间形成一条内街，这样不仅可以缓解百花街的人流压力；还让经过这里的人们多了一个了解社区中心的机会。走过内街的时候，可以透过建筑内部的中庭空间看到社区中心内部的活动。
面向浦北路的绿色坡地，则吸引着人们登上一楼屋面，他们既可以选择室外驻足休憩，观赏街道上过往的行人和北面操场上运动的孩子；也可从二层直接进入社区中心。
– An open spatial quality
We design a “回” shape layout with a gradually expanding vertical part in the middle. By doing this, not only the interior light condition has been greatly improved, but also users at different levels could interact with activities at other floors. Moreover, facing Pubei Road, opening the east-south corner of the middling part makes the building become a city stage which shows its interior to passengers passing by. At the same time, by moving the bottom market entrance west, an interior pass way which opens a view of interior activities through the middle part is well formed. The pass way on the one hand largely helps the circulation over-flow of Baihua Street, on the other hand, provides another opportunity to access the community center.
The green ramp facing Pubei Road provides a public space for multiple activities as well as a street view. As a circulation corridor, it also provides access to both first and second floors.
– 与时俱进的内部划分
以往的社区中心还存在一个弊端就是功能空间分隔过于固定，一旦建成，就难以更改。但是随着时代的发展，功能变化是建筑的常态。为了积极应对这种变化，我们建议给建筑中的大部分空间保留变化的余地。本方案除了楼梯间、卫生间和外墙外，其他部分均可使用活动式隔断围合，方便后期调整。
– Modern interior layout
Another disadvantage for traditional community center is that the spatial layout is fixed and no longer changeable after construction. With an approach to form a changeable architecture, we propose a non-fixed layout for most space in the building. Expect for staircases, bathrooms and exterior walls, all the others are using flexible panels for future adjustment.
– 多功能的交通空间设计
我们没有只把走廊作为交通空间，而是借鉴纽约古根海姆博物馆的设计理念，巧妙的放大部分走廊宽度，将展览空间融入其中，让行走其间的人们能够随时观赏各种展览。
– Multi-functional Interior circulation space
Using the idea from Guggenheim, New York, we purposely widen some of the hallways, combining exhibit space together with circulation space, to create a new experience for people to participate in the exhibits at any time.
– 清雅的室内外交融
我们在不同楼层设置了室外平台，使用者在不同楼层均可感受到与自然的亲近。我们将多功能厅的屋面作木结构设计，并让结构展示在外，辅以木质地板和墙面的设计，以增加一种类似“起居室”的温馨体验。
– Exterior Interaction with nature
By having outdoor platform at multiple floors, users can interact with nature at different levels. We design the façade as a wooden structure shown towards outside. Together with wood floors and walls, a homey atmosphere of a “living room” is created for users.
– 经济可行的绿色节能
我们在方案中通过空间的巧妙布局，有效降低建筑能耗。
例如，只将首层和二层封闭起来，并采用绿化隔栅和屋顶绿化的方式，以减少建筑的空调负荷空间。三层以上则围绕中庭做室外回廊式布局。东南角向城市敞开的开口，将夏季主导风徐徐引入，配合外墙的错缝隔栅，有效减少夏季对空调的依赖。东侧较封闭的多功能厅和楼梯间，则将冬季的西北风阻挡在外，形成建筑温暖的微型气候。
中庭的引入使得建筑内部自然光线充足。减少了日常的照明用电。
一层屋顶平台的设计，将原有的五层建筑“转化为”四层。而且建筑的大部分面积被分布在了三层以下。我们仅在建筑内部设一部无障碍电梯。鼓励人们使用楼梯以利节能。建筑基本层高4米，结构柱网为8米，整个建筑平立面设计均以2米为基本模数。减少了建筑用料的尺寸种类。建筑使用轻质砖、木材等经济节能的环保材料。实现了从建造到使用全周期的低碳环保目标。在地下一层集中布置超市和设备用房；地下二层整层布置车库。以减少整体的下挖深度。
– An economic and green approach
In this scheme, we are reducing the buidling energy consumption through effective spatial layout.
For instance, the building has market and facility rooms at first basement floor and parking at second basement floor to reduce the overall underground depth. Also the standard floor height is 4m, construction column grid is 8m, plan and elevation designs are using 2m as its module. In this way, the building material is largely saved. By using light-weight brick, wood as well as other economic and environmental-friendly material, the project goal of a low-consumption building is achieved.
