北京人文艺术中心(BCAC)坐落于北京的历史街区,紧邻雍和宫。在这些地区,有很多上百年历史的四合院都变成了混凝土的仿古建筑。北京人文艺术中心的设计竞赛旨在为其所在的这类仿古建筑寻求改造设计。这个院子之前是一个暴发户的私人会所,充斥着媚俗矫饰的仿古装修,它真实的表达了奥运会之前那个能量过剩的北京。
The Beijing Culture and Art Center will be located in the city’s historic area where centuries-old courtyard houses are being transformed into concrete look alikes. The competition brief for the design of the BCAC required the renovation of exactly this type of structure. In this case, the original building is a private clubhouse for the nouveau riche, its design representative of the excesses of pre-Olympic Beijing.
众建筑将这些怀旧历史主义的、媚俗的室内装饰(诸如浓艳的色彩,欧式的线脚、金边的浮雕等)作为设计的重要组成部分。目的在于提醒人们去注意现代结构与仿古形式之间的矛盾,并强调出将BCAC这样的创新艺术机构置于一个混凝土的仿北京四合院建筑中有多么的讽刺。
People’s Architecture Office views these existing conditions of nostalgic historicism and kitschy interiors –saturated neon colors, European molding, gold plaster reliefs as essential parts to their design for the BCAC. The goal is to draw attention to the contradictions between modern structure and faux form, and at the same time highlight the irony of placing an innovative art institution in a concrete imitation of a revered Beijing typology.
整个院落沿斜方向被“切”成几个平行交替的条形空间。“切”掉的空间剔除现有墙地顶面的装饰,暴露出原本的混凝土结构和材质;未“切”掉的空间则原封不动地保留现有的仿古立面做法,以及媚俗的仿古室内装饰。一个方法性的动作产生了出乎意料的拼贴与并置。例如同一根梁,其中一段被仿木雕的豪华装修包裹,而另一段则可能暴露出原始的混凝土表面,切开的痕迹清晰可见。
The clubhouse courtyard then is ‘sliced’ into several alternating bands that run the entire length of the building. These bands are stripped bare. Surface “bling” applied to the walls, ceilings and floors are removed to reveal raw concrete, a methodical excavation resulting in unexpected juxtapositions. A single beam, for example, will be encrusted with faux carved wood ornament in one area and scraped down to its slimmer, unadorned concrete profile in another.
该建筑的混凝土结构其实有着一定的灵活性,“切”掉的空间在拆除非承重墙之后,在室外院落部分新增了部分空间,于是室内立刻被扩展和连接起来,成为整体性的空间,而这是传统四合院砖木混合结构所不具有的。当巨大的全开敞滑动玻璃门打开时,室内外的空间也被连成一体,人们可以自由的来回穿行。
院子的玻璃幕墙关闭,室内空间连通 Sliding glass walls extend to enclose the interior as one interconnected space.
院子的玻璃幕墙打开,室内与院子连成一体,整体使用 Sliding glass walls retract to connect the yard area with the interior.
院子的玻璃幕墙和电梯门同时打开,室内外空间连成整体 The front and back doors of the elevator open to connect the interior with the street front.
玻璃幕墙拥有划分公共空间和私人空间的功能 Sliding glass walls can be used to separate public from private spaces.
The clubhouse’s concrete structure lends itself to flexibility. Spaces are expanded and linked by removing walls since most are not loadbearing. This unified interior is not possible with a traditional courtyard house made of wood. Large sliding glass doors line either side of the yard to allow activity to spill out from the interior to the exterior.
地下室为一个开放空间,配有一套可移动的隔断系统,能够分隔为各种大小的空间以满足各种不同的功能要求:如展览、表演、放映、举办各种活动等。一层与地下室之间楼板的大缺口提供了楼层间的视觉联系,也进一步暴露和强调了上层仿木结构的装饰表面与地下混凝土结构的戏剧性冲突。
The basement is an open space with a system of custom designed partitions that accommodates exhibitions, performances and film screenings. Large openings between the first floor and basement provide visual connections between the levels. At the same time the incongruity of the traditional structure above and the modern basement below is exposed and highlighted.
建筑设计:众建筑
设计主持:何哲,James Shen(沈海恩),臧峰
项目团队:张明慧、高天霞、鲁静、黎鉴锋、林天泉
Architecture:People’s Architecture Office
Principals:He Zhe, James Shen, Zang Feng
Project Team: Zhang Minghui, Gao Tianxia, Lu Jing, Li Jianfeng, Lin Tianquan
设计时间:2014 甲方:BCAC
联合体成员:中国建筑科学研究院
建筑面积:1450平方米 地点:五道营胡同3号, 北京
Design Year:2014 Client:BCAC
Alliance Contestants: China Academy of Building Research
Land Area:1450 ㎡ Location:Wudaoying Hutong, Beijing