Superlofts by Marc Koehler Architects

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弹性建筑可以对千变万化的城市环境产生很强的适应性，也可以满足不断变化的居住者需求。然而不幸的是，随着建筑的老龄化增加，城市空间利用率低等问题也愈演愈烈。据统计，荷兰的建筑物空置率是每年新建建筑物数量的五倍。Superlofts项目旨在采用灵活高效的结构体系，为当今城市建筑的可适应性发展抛砖引玉。与此同时，由Superlofts引进的共享居住模式，让居住者栖息在“都市村庄”里，将原本孤单隔离的城市居民们重新组织在一起。并进一步修复了在网络高速发展时代下，人与人之间最真实可靠的线下联系。

Resilient buildings can adapt and evolve to a city’s ever-changing programmes and the lifestyles of its inhabitants. Unfortunately as older building stock becomes obsolete this results in wasted empty or under-utilised space. In the Netherlands, the estimated total building vacancy is five times the number of new buildings constructed annually. In response to this, the Superlofts framework utilises a flexible and efficient structural system that affords the adaptability that urban buildings need today.Secondly, Superlofts provides new forms of shared living where people benefit from living together in an “urban village”, addressing the issue of loneliness and isolation that results from anonymous city living where people are hyper connected online but lack meaningful personal contact.

▼Superlofts社区，the Superlofts frame

Superlofts对富有创意和创业精神的居住个体极具吸引力，他们渴望在全新的混合居住环境中获得特定的空间需求。对于传统建筑来说，将办公室、工作室、音乐录音室或商用厨房与居住空间结合在一起是难以实现的。然而在Superlofts所提供的空间格局中，这一切都将成为可能。

由MKA主持的工业港居住建筑改造项目（村庄住宅）曾有过类似的实践，这一设计理念更被应用于名为“De Hoofden”的实验性业主合作项目。在此基础之上，MKA将Superlofts进一步发展成为业主与租户共享的建筑社区。自此，五个Superlofts社区分别于阿姆斯特丹（Buiksloterham 与 Houthaven区域）和乌特勒支拔地而起，位于格罗宁根，代尔夫特和阿姆斯特丹其他地区的Superlofts项目也正在如火如荼的进行当中，而海外七城的Superlofts项目也将陆续登场。

Superlofts appeals to a growing community of individuals, with creative and entrepreneurial mindsets, who live new hybrid lifestyles with specific spatial demands. The possibilities of combining a home with an office or atelier, music studio or commercial kitchen are restricted in conventional housing; the blank canvas that Superlofts offers makes these hybrid forms of living possible.

The concept was inspired by an MKA-designed residential retrofit (House like village) of an industrial harbour building, and was then applied in an experimental home owners’ cooperative called De Hoofden. MKA developed the project further as Superlofts into an international network of building communities, with both buyers and renters. Five Superlofts have been completed in Amsterdam (Buiksloterham and Houthaven) and Utrecht, projects in Groningen, Amsterdam and Delft are under construction. Sites in seven international cities are being researched.

▼社区外观，exterior view

开放灵活的结构框架
Open and flexible framework

预制混凝土基础结构为建筑引入了一个宽和高在三到六米的模块框架，该基本模块可以灵活的嵌入房屋，楼板，高层建筑或联排别墅空间中。所有者/租住者在该模块中安置自己的居住生活，并享受充分的自由灵活性，让居住生活更加贴近每位所有者/租住者的生活特性。这种建筑空间的灵活使用，极大的增加了建筑的循环使用寿命，也赋予居住者以更加舒适自如的空间体验。

A prefabricated concrete base structure (support) provides a framework of three- to six-metre-high and wide modules that can be flexibly combined into housing blocks, slabs, highrises or townhouses. Owners/residents then add their interior (infill) into these raw volumes, with complete freedom to customise/tailor and evolve it to suit their unique lifestyles and requirements. It becomes more affordable when owners can design and build the interiors themselves and invest gradually to grow into their space. The flexible and modular framework easily adapts to changing cycles of use to facilitate a circular way of building.

▼基本模块，the basic modules

▼充满灵活性的模块式空间，the flexible and modular framework

位于中央的核心筒Supercore让厨房和浴室拥有空间布局的最大灵活性。配置了二氧化碳传感器的智能铝板立面，帮助室内更好的调节通风，遮阳和排水系统，并有利于组织户外阳台空间。被动设计如全玻璃立面让冬日暖阳无限度充满室内空间。复式公寓布局使居住空间实现高效利用，在上下层之间节省了20%的交通空间。在该布局下，每层建筑高度较其他建筑减少了25厘米，使其与其他建筑高度持平的情况下，每10层便多出一层。悬浮的夹层楼板摆脱了承重墙结构，使居住者在不改变或移除墙体结构的情况下自由组织空间，体现了建筑极大的灵活性和可适应性。与此同时，充分开阔的空间布局让居住空间的每一处都能感受自然光的洗礼。

Centrally placed services shafts (Supercore) afford flexibility by allowing kitchens and bathrooms to be placed almost anywhere in the space. An integrated aluminium smart facade incorporates a C02 sensor for ventilation, sun shading, drainage, privacy screens and large balconies into one adaptable modular unit. Utilising passive design, full-height glass facades flood the lofts with daylight and admit winter sunlight to heat the interior. Efficient floorplans save 20% circulation space thanks to the double-height lofts that only require alternate lift stops and reduce building heights 25 cm per floor, allowing the addition of an extra storey every 10 floors. Suspended cross-laminated timber mezzanine floors offer flexibility and adaptability by allowing spaces to be easily added—without the need for supporting walls—or removed. Generous voids bring sunlight further into the spaces to enable deeper lofts.

▼智能配置，the smart design

▼复式公寓布局使居住空间实现高效利用，the double-height lofts enable a efficient floorplan

▼全玻璃立面增加室内采光，full-height glass facades flood the lofts with daylight

▼Supercore让厨房和浴室拥有空间布局的最大灵活性，centrally placed services shafts afford flexibility by allowing kitchens and bathrooms to be placed almost anywhere in the space

共享居住/混合居住
Shared living/hybrid living

Superlofts将阁楼视作进化的混合居住空间。开放、宽敞和明亮的SOHO型阁楼通常被设计成工业厂房的形态，而这些阁楼随着时间的推移也展现出了十足的适应能力。随着艺术家们的入驻，这类原本作为工作室的阁楼空间也逐渐转变为集工作室与居住为一体的空间。全新的Superlofts居住模式将硬气艺术家工作室，创意厨房，居酒屋及各种家庭办公的共鸣。而灵活性十足的建筑将为居住者提供各种型号的使用空间如迷你办公空间，顶级豪华套房，和自由配置的建筑单元。这一系列混合建筑将共同为使用者带去独特的Superlofts社区生活。

Superlofts celebrates the loft as an evolving, mixed-use space. Open, spacious and bright, SoHo’s iconic lofts were originally designed as industrial warehouses but proved easily adaptable over time. Repurposed by artists into living spaces and studios, they were later converted into high-end apartments and workspaces. The open Superlofts framework stimulates new hybrid residences such as an artist’s atelier, cooking studio, beer brewery and various home-offices, all intermixed throughout the building. It offers a rich diversity of types from compact XS studios to luxury XL penthouses and affordable DIY units. These different dwellings bring a lively mix of residents who form a dynamic Superlofts community.

▼混合居住与共享社区，an evolving, mixed-use space

共享空间和设施是建立活跃自组织Superlofts社区的核心内容。该社区的各项目都提供了独特的空间集合如工作室，（屋顶）花园，游乐场，合作办公空间，健身房和公共起居室。在该合作社区中，居民们从一开始便形成了紧密的社区联系，并共同创建和维护共享社区环境。

Shared spaces and facilities are central to creating active, self-organised communities that Superlofts thrive on. Each project offers a unique selection of collective spaces such as workshops/ateliers, (roof) gardens, playgrounds, co-working spaces, gyms and living rooms. In cooperative projects, residents form a close-knit community from the start, together selecting these facilities and co-creating the building.

▼ 社区共享空间，the share space

Superlofts是迎合当地环境的全球性社区框架。作为一种适应性极强的框架结构，它充分满足了特殊地区的特定需求。开放性的底层规划让社区环境展现勃勃生机，其独特的垂直空间布局，增加了城市建筑的宜居性。对于土地利用率低的城市边缘地带，Superlofts社区可以帮助当地重建城市活力。每一栋独立的弹性建筑共同组成了Superlofts社区网络。在此基础之上，居住者不仅拥有自行组织生活空间的能力，还能与其他社区居民交流空间设计经验，亲身参与空间改造项目，激发室内设计的无限灵感。

Superlofts is set up as a global framework for local movements. As an adaptable framework it responds to the unique opportunities of different sites. An open ground floor enlivens the neighbourhood as a thriving hub. As dynamic vertical urban villages, Superlofts can potentially contribute to improving the liveability of cities, for example, by activating under-utilised sites at urban edges or offering affordable housing. Individual communities form part of a larger network of all Superlofts. The ambition is to establish a platform where members can exchange inspiration and experience about loft design, DIY solutions and smart home innovations and download a library of building elements to 3D print themselves locally.

▼户型示例，example layout